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1£ֻǲ1

         ǸįҹĻš
    ÷Ŵ£¹ˮľ細ҹ⡣㱣Ŵ⣬֪ƺֱֱĿңԶ쾡ͷӦ23˰ɣѾ13ˣ13꣬ûм֪ǷǾʱģ
    ʦΪβȥأǸƽģģЩ⣬Ҳмϧ
    ꣬ĸý뿪ҾͷҲ̤롮ɽׯ벽ϵ䣬һ֦ϣҿʦ·ңУ÷Ѿݳ˼ţ׹ʬﻹ˹ҵ÷һЦоκͱˣŨվֻһ̾
    ѵʹδѰҹ𣿡ȻǸԼɼǸͲŮһذ׵ȹ˿١
    ÷Цһ£ĿŴ⣬ðûп·ˡ
    ŮӰĵš
    ʱҲŻ룬ʮصѵľԺ˲ɣʦҳɵΪһ˱ʦţ˲ʮصĹġ˵һʱ䣬Ͳ·һȥһ֮ڲκξٶͲ뿪Է벽û뵽ûңһ£ͰĪȢ˼ţΪʦڼˣԾҲ뿪˵ذ벽żɽвҩ͡𡯵ʧɽµ㣬Һס˴ԶҶԳ顣
    ʦҲʮ˰ɣǵָѽŮһЦ˵
    ǰʱúÿ졣÷΢΢һЦʱ㻹ֻǸ˾СѾͷ̰治Сĵ£ΪʦҩڵϣҲʦͽԵ
    ǲС׹
    ҶվǣţһĻԼƤ·ġˣСӣһνġԼһǸСνġԼͬĸҶоһƯɰģЩԡС
    Сһš
    Ҷо㣬ǶǸʲô
    Ҷ棬ܹȥվɽµıϣʲôЩתͷʣãʲôѽô
    ٿҶоЦ˵Цú̵ˮǣʱһеҶСﳤúÿɰȥһ¡
    һҶǸССİ˾СҶתϸȥȴԼһ£ġ˵㣬ǿȥ
    ȻССҶʧ¡һƬҶһ㶯ûзûоū͡
    ȻǸСССҶоһĸţȥˣȥˣ
    СҶļ䣬ҲҶļ䡣
    СҶǱԼͬĸ¡ԼȴԼĸԸȥģĲˣùˡ
    ֻǣСҶˣҶһͬͬյŮȴ갲ĸСҶϡİĳʮʱ䣬СҶ׹ʱİ˾Сóڵʮ˾Ĵ
    ԼѰʱ䡣
    ʲôأ˳񣿡÷һҶĵʡ
    Ҷع΢΢һЦ˵ûʲôֻͻȻЩʦ˵
    ÷̾˿ϧСѾͷȻδӵ׹µĿ־ӳҲѹ֣һ˾СͻȻɸߴ׵ȻǿֻŵģҵǣС󣬾ȻֻǻԣƤ˶ûУȻϢ˸ʱȻѹˡ
    ˵˵ĺܣôߵĵطȻһҲûУֻǻ˸ʱʦ涼˵Ƿ֮ˣ˸֣ίˡ÷΢Ц˵ǰҶӰ˾СݵĴգ۵Ĺ
    ҶЦЦǰҲֵĺܣôԴִܵŴһúõĻȻǴӰ˾³ʮʱ䣬룬ѾˡԷſִҶеί˱ܳ谮ҶǧС㣬òõļŽδִԼѾ˵ĵز
    ˵㸸ҪΪǽѡ÷ĵʡ
    Ҷ˵ͷ˵ǵģǽ˶ӦóͣȻҪϲЩķЩ񡣡
    Ҹʲôķ÷٩ʡ
    Ҷ΢Ц˵ȻһԷһһˡ
    ÷΢ЦſԼͽһƺ²ܷµŮӣȴºͣͺ񿴵ǰԼǸٵŮӣǸˣһģˣˣȴ˸ˡ˵³
    ʦϣиõĹޡ÷˵ȴ̾˿ҶļòѡɫķԲǸ£ɣѡʵӣмְգ
    ллʦҶͻȻЩһ£м˵˵ϣʦԸֻǣҲ֪ԷļòҪѰ˼ң£ҪѰʵһȴǸѳɵͷ



2£ֻǲ2

        Ҷƻͨ
    ǵһ׸еһسձȨӵһġŮҪѡ֮˷ӵ
    ҶҶҶоҶλǧ𡣴СׯȡС㡢СýǾһŮ
    ͬҶүһ޶ͬ
    죬ֵ֡һׯɽׯҲΪׯϣˡϣɽׯΨһׯͲʮ֮˲֪˲Ӣ֪ŮΪΨһո߳ΣаǰΪˣ˿Ծۡ
    ҶصҶʱܿǰţƵ˺ƫšԼ˵·Լɽ÷ѧգԼѾͷСá
    еֻһҶǧС㣬ŶҲ黭ԼŮϡ
    ūӿˡСǸׯ֮ˣҶүƫС㰲ϲ֣ҶүСҶүԻãò
    ߡһĴӱһͷ˵Ȥ£óЩޱȤĸŮӣ绨㽿ۣʵЩпõ廨ͷʵ˵ɣҸͲȢЩƴǵͺˡ˵дƼҵľȥ
    ӣĪҪ
    ڶߣѾ뿪ˡ
    ҶҪЩԣͣӣ˽ӲվţҲЩִ١
    ˭ʲôһʣһͦεӰסйߣɽͻȻø
    Ҷתǧٻأ˵ɵòҪֻƾ˵֣Ǹ֮ͨˣòҪ¡
    ҶˡҶָָҶĺƫţЩŵĽͣոߵԼǰλڽϾŮܲף˿˵ЩνлԼæ㵽ɽ棬ûʲôԭȶλ뿪ٻظ룬ǱˡʲôأôҶĺԺǽ⣿
    ϣĴǰŮӣ£գӦҶū澡˵ҶЩףһū澽оݣȻԻţ֮˼ҵūǺǧٱ
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    Ҷ֪Ϊʲô˵мЩĪϤĳɷݣԣ٩мĮξԹģ
    ̧ͷơϣͻȻ˵
    ҶĲ鲻Ը̧ͷǰˡˣĴ˴ò̬һˣһְֺ޵ˣԸһˡ
    ҸҶӶѽǳֻۣϣͷ˵Ů˿ˣٸŮѾľ
    ǡ㳤ú˧Һ㣡ҶǺ͸Ϊǵ̬ȣѿڶ
    ϣһüȤȻŮ˸ҵ˵ƽһΡ΢ֻۣΣյԱǰһѪȵϢڿ
    Ҷ֪Σգı졣ʵĲǰˣƵһˡ
    ʮʱ䣬ϤУлΪִʮ߰䡣ǸǲĵģҰģͲÿǵġ
    Ҷ˵Щϣ˵ŮˣΪԼܴŮˡ
    ڰĹ£ҶݣԼ͵ģӦǸѱŮӣڰɫȻǾū澵治ǿ˵ƽ
    Ҷǲ˵ʲôǴҽֻԽԽ⡣
    ϣζĿǰŮӣǴֳ֪ĬͻȻ£ѵûŮرᣬһ˺ȾǺȣ˺ȾҲǺȣŮҲɫɲͣġ
    ѾͷȥȱΣ
    Ҷһƴǰϣ˿ɶ浱Լ˫ɣתһ룬Ȼ΢ЦţˬĴӦð˴ƼҵľǾģϲƣǶѡ
    ϣһ㶣ѾͷֵĽһŮӣʱطˣİˣȻܹ̹Ȼԣ͸ˡ
    ãˬ죬ôھߡϣɻĵףϴЦȴӣЦҹΣ
    Ҷŭĺܣȴ΢Ц˵˵գ˵˭˭ӦҶ׵İɣܹҪȢһģˣҾͼˣΣ
    ϣû㶹ȥҶ˵㵱ǸŮ˾ͻȢ𣿼ȻҪȢҲҪȢõģСɫҶһСūţҺȾҲһʱˣ˵䣡
    ҶһۣǸҲվǰ˵ÿɱĻһƽӹˣֻǾСϷ㻹浱棬̫Ц𣿣仰ģĸ˼ʱһϷˣ룬˻ǱǸˣʡҪ취鷳
    ߻ǲߣϣͷʡ
    ߣҶ侲˵Ŀе裬浱Ҷǳص˲αף浱Լ˫Ҷ˷޲ɣ
    ϣ˵Ҳˡ
    Ҷǧٱġ쵰ȴޱ飬ƽƽ˵Ҿɵϣ˺ɵģƼҵľǺõģ㣬ϧЩ
    ϣһ㶣ʶķʣɵϣ
    Ҷû
3£ֻǲ3

        ƼҡľƼҡ
    ѡ˸Ŀλ£Ҷ˼ƲˣҪһþƣϣ˵γƺ
    ϣϣ˵Ҷ
    ҪҶʹһƣҲһģô˵ùĪܵ˹ŴȻĪ˺Ǹһ̬ƵļһҧӲŬƽ˵ãϣ糿ֲ
    ֺòã޹ءӦóƺֹӰɣѵҶ˶˺޳𣿡ϣ˵ŮһǼֲǣɨҺȾƵˡ
    ģ˶ˣҲżϣϣҶվߣҧҧסˣ޺޵˵
    ããһ׷Ů˶ˣϣҲȢСѾͷƬӣϣҲͬһ˵
    ҶֱҪˡִϣֿɶ񣡹Ŵϣɶ֣Ҫǰ϶ʲôû֣֮˿϶ǻˣȻǺˡ˱ƣһں£¾ƱٵһȻһں£׼Ҫ
    þº͵˵ءֻǾƣĪҪȵż
    ҶͷѰȥһλĹӣ½üĿӦλټҵĹӸ硣
    ҶЦЦʵƣֻǸ÷ѧʱʦĵʱ򳣳һƣźһСʱһͿԺһЩǲҲһлл
    ȰҪѾͷܷ赽̶ֳȡϣ˵ﵽЩ֣ǰѾͷƽһȻ˻ע⵽ϸƣǰŮӣͲд֮ɫ֬üĿ㣬õǲ
    αΪģļҵū澣Ͳŵö֪Ǻ½ĹһһλӣЦŴȤ
    ϣһЦȻ˵˵Ǹū澣ҲǸ˼ҵū澣СѾͷͷɲСҶū澡
    Ҷū澣˵һ㶣ϸҶƼҵ磬£üǸʮ˾С˿٣üһ˫۰䣬̶ͬסһصûʲôװΡ
    ӦǸū澣ǧ˼򵥵ģʣȴ߹ţ񣬲Ǹū澸еġ
    û뵽Ҷū澶˳ɫѹ˶ܵҶסҶλС㣬һλЩ˵˺ʡ
    ܺáҶ˵
    иЩİɣ˵ӲϰݵʣָԼͬ˵λǵδ˵Ĵӡ˵ιӺҵλСҲŵԣһ£ҲúιӲοο
    ֻȤЩҶ˵˵ܺáȢλλǺõģ˿Ȣġ
    ˵һ죬૵˵ѾͷǸˣҾȻ˵ðɣҺ棬ΪƼҶҵĶӵҲΪɣ
    ΪѡѡһˣȻҪϸЩֻǣУǼõģ˵ĸЩʵǱǸˡҶȻ˵
    ĸ˵ˣƼǸ׺ղĲҵ֮һԳռҶӣӦĴ໳ģмƣӦò
    ڸղǸʼ˵ˣ˵ǵδ˵ĴӣȻǽ¿״Ԫμ𡣿ҶҺռϵãڳҲѵҲҶλС𣿿ң˵ǧ𣬳ҲֻҶһңμҺα֣ͺμ˽á
    ˼ҹҶū澣θԼҵӣĪΪˡμ΢ЦſҶº͵ʣγƺأ
    ҶȴЦЦ˵̸ЩȤʲôȾơ˵꣬Լֵһһں£΢ԺΣЩ룬ŨŨƺôҲ
    ˣִϣҲǺѵˣȴЩ˺˺˵Ρ
    һңô˺ȾƷϣüͷ˵ˣɱָһȥûйء
    Ҷݺݵĵһۣ˵ҪôȾƣҪô죬һȤˣû˼
    ϣһϣû˵Ҷŭ˵ǺȾ㻹浱ԼǾɲɣһȣ
    μ˴˿һۣû˵ŮӸһ൱ֵĸоȻ£ȻԵ˪˲ܲǷ֮룬ȻһʱھƼƣȴ˷飬ʵ֡
    ȵöˣҶͷЩΡϣӰҲģ˿ҲôˡϾһˣȻͬͬգҲƣϾһִһŴһɺϰ
    ϣʼЩˣδСѾͷĺˣôͻȥһ˷ЩġλһֱùеĿڿϣڡȻǳ£ڱ۹Ů˵飬ȴǵһΡ



4

        ˣʱ䲻ˣϿȥɡϣͷȰ衣
    ҶǺǸˣһƵ˵ʱĵ׾ȻģƺһҲǺõġ
    ϣˣǵһμСѾͷƬӣ˵ĲһקסӲ¥
    ʲôѽ̴˵
    ʲôȥѽϣͷĻش𣬡ûȶҿɲ뵣Ҷū澵
    Ҳѽ񲻸˵˵ΪһҶū澣ȻԼҲ֡ſСﱻһ˺ϧץţﵽԼۣСȫӢ۾֮ġ
    ϣ޿κεЦЦʣȥҪأѵҪҸ̧ͻȥ䱦һͻȥʱ䲻ǾֵòѽǿЦ
    һ£˿μ벻˵
    λ˵òʱ䣬һҶū澻棬վǺ£ĵͻȥͺáμº͵˵˿ϣ΢Ц˵ֻǣλӣɷþ΢һЩλףˣҲ޹
    ϣһŤͷǣҶ¥
    ¥һҶ࣬ϣ֣΢ЩĵŬվӣ˵ԼߣҶԶԼȥͳˡ
    ϣüͷ˵㵱ѽ㣬Ը
    ˵꣬ͷҲأǰȥ
    ִʱҲǸϣİһڷУ뿪᲻£ֻԹ鷳鷳𣿿ʼʱֲԼģǵԼôȫԼĴҲˡ
    ѾʮȻˡ
    ߣЩȣҹĽϰĺܣżѲҹĸ򾭹Ŀһۡ
    ˸ԼŲ̫Ǹ书ˣҶͻȻһͣתͷȥ
    
    ͻȻͷȻЩ̫˼ЩεĽͣʱ̫ˣңЩġ·ϳ⡣㲻ú£Ҿûб˼
    ллҶ˵Լ·ں氲ĸš
    һ˯ͣȻͷЩΡСûҽ˯𣬷û£Ҳ˯ɡ
    ϣ˵ŰݷãȻȢλҶҵС㣬Ÿĸ֮ҲֻӦһ¡
    ԰һλŮڵǧҺȹ使ޱȵĻЦţЦ̣࣬ߵ˵ңĻ㱡һҺڲסһķģĵ¶ܽء
    λҶС㣬һоһԵС˵ǧŮӣһֻ׷ɵĺעĿ
    мɫϣ΢΢һЦǧϵŮЦ˵ҶСɣȻǹɫò
    ҶоվǧϣƫͷվԼԶӡ
    һٷӢӣüǷ˵߹ҶоСáаа·͸еı̲ס͸ƻϲ
    ëҶоŬץǧԼվЩЦţʣ˭ѽΪܵ⻨԰Ǹ׵𣿡
    ϣһݣҶоûô£͸оһůůϢԼϣϸԼϣվǧϣխխǧվˣվһһ£һˤȥ
    ϣһ˱Ц˿𣿻˻ţ
    Ҷоߵͨ죬˼ֲҶֻýӲվţ֪ϣǰüԼоһСĲͣðãõҲ
    ѾϰΪûĸŮ˵еùӵҶоūС΢΢һЦСһľȣɵǧˣ۾·𱻹̶ס˰㡣
    ϣЯҶо£΢Цɿò˵ˡ
    ҶоͻȻؼ·ͻȻǰ˾ͺһ㣬÷¡ͻȻ˾룬Ȼĵʧ䣬ϣĿҲЩԡ
    ϣ΢΢һЦҪ˵һ̧ͷԶԶһ¥ǰ̨ϣһλŮԣһϷı鿴ߣǲмĮȻ
    ϵȹӭƮķԼĵ⡣ɾݣȻ飬ͺƿչɽȪ
    ǸһȾƵСѾͷ
    иŮڶ𣺡ãܵǧСõ֪ˣҪ𡣡
    ϣջĿ⣬ǰŮӣׯ˾ÿףӦҶĴСҶ
    ȻС˵λҶүĴС㣬һԸºͶׯҲǷǣǸ׼ĹŮӡ
    ҶС㣬áϣòʩһº͵ЦݣĿվԼǰҶһӢ˹֮
    Ҷһ£ǰˣЩԥп˵λҺûмǸ׵ôûкǵˡˣλȥǰǰ˺Ȳ衣λӣɡ
    лˡϣ΢Цţòȫʩһ뿪֮ǰʶһԶ¥ǰ̨
    ŮȻǣڵĿŷԼǰĺϷŵЦ⣬ô˵
    ϣװûпԼ·ȴ˼⣬Ѿͷʲôģ



5

       ˱ϣļţҶү߳ǰӭӡɽׯһׯ˭˲֪˭˲ҲҶףЩҶүйˡ
    ȻϣЩףⲢҪ
    ˡϣ㸸Ӧ֮ͬˣͳһֶˡҶүЦţţš
    ϣƽͣüŰͶ仹͸Ź֮󷽡²ǰϣʱ䣬˵ҶүΪλŮѡϣ͹ո֡ոյǼҶүλŮСԸׯºͣСýȻзйڡֻǲü󸮵ĶС㣬Щź˵ţһڡ
    ޣ佱佱ҶүЦ˵ѾͷƤֵ԰ﵴǧȥˣֶЦ
    ϣ΢΢һЦûнӻ
    ҶоͬһƮǰҪ˵һƼǶϣһ죬ߵĵͷỺ˵пˣ
    ǵģո˵Ҳˣֻǣ²֪λ˭ɣҶүһŮЦ˵λӿǰɽׯׯϣ
    ɽׯҶоһ£ᣬȻǰɽׯׯһׯׯǲšһ˵Ӣ˵ԡߵĵͷߵϣǰʩһҶоׯ
    ϣ΢Ц˵ҶСǧƯֻǸղŶдţ¡
    ղһҶоɫһ죬վǣĵĻϲ͵͵Ĵϣһۣ;һ£֪Ǻá
    λأҶүŮ˼װûп
    ոջʱӦȥ˶ǡҶоһ߻شһ͵͵Ĵϣ
    ȥλС˵йͣǹ񡣡ҶүԸߵȥҶҶ
    һᣬ߽ŮӣǰǸոڻ԰ׯŮӣҶĴСҶȴλµСʱ΢Цţģһμϣվǰһŵ򻨰񾲡
    ҵĴŮҶŮҶҶүЦǺǵĽܣŮ
    Ҷ
    ϣĿвżҶһƼƵŮӡԼŮҲȢŮӡ
    ϣȻЩΣ۾ݺݵҶһۣ룬ҲԹ˼ң˼û˵ҶѾͷԼΪ˼Ҷū澡
    ɽׯϣׯҶүкһ
    ɽׯҶһ㶣ѵʦĶӣֻʦɽׯ˵ӵ֡ϣܳϾǰɽׯׯ˵
    ϣмֳɵʣǰɽׯׯϸƺʦм
    ǣٰϣ˵
    ǣҲҪǿǲҪ޸㡣Ҷ˵۾ȴЦ⡣󣬱ϣԿϣҲֻ
    ϣ΢΢һ㶣м⡣Ůӣģȴºݣֻǣˣ;Щǧ֮Į仰˵ƣȴ˵һ
    ЦЦº͵˵㲻˵˶ˣҲϣϵôͻȻ⣿
    ˶ģԿԿǡҶ˵͸޹أ޸㣬ΪǰɽׯׯˣһˣԶԶŲźá
    ϣһüȻԼʧһ׵ŮӣҪȻҲΪݡΪԭ𣿡
    ҶȻϣеļįʧЩĿ˫۾ģȴ͸٩ĿҲԼ˰ɣһˣôʧأŮӣǿ۾˰ɣϵ˶ãɽׯׯһһ֣߻¡
    ǵģΪǰɽׯׯҶ϶Ļش
    ɽׯׯ˿ûǰϣġģԼʧƽ˵ֻˣǹضá
    𣿡Ҷ룬ʦ˵ѾʮûмԼĶӣϣʱ䣬ӦҲڶʮϣӦûдɽׯֻһλׯҶáʦ뿪ʱӦѾʮң϶Ѿˣ˵ڵҶƺƺ˵ڵλҶ𣿡
    ȻɽׯûбŮ˳ƵׯˡϣĻش



6

       ҶҪ˵ԼĸһЦ˵˵Щʲôѽ
    ûʲôֻġϣ˵ϵĶСĵͦġ
    𣿡ҶүЦЦ˿ĶŮת⣬˵ȻˣҪúϼգ⾩ַ֮֮࣬Ҫϸ䡣
    ϣ΢΢һЦ˵лתͷҶƺҪ˵ʲôȴҶоº͵˵ǳ˵أز죬֪ҶоСɷĴ䣿
    ðҶоĵ˵ոտϣֻ죬оƣû뵽ϣȻŹ侩ǣȻǿĵòˡ
    Ҷûκεı飬ǰˣǺ˳úһˣò̬ԲʹҲࡣ
    ɽϵĻòޱȣҶٸϵԷҲҪʱʱ䡣
    ÷ԺдɨͽˣЦӭǰͽԼįʱõ飬Լ߹ʮһ۵ĺͯһŮòпʱ顣
    ôʱ𣿡
    ʦɽׯׯҲˣոոռҶʦ˵
    ÷΢΢һ£Ҷ˵ð죬૵˵ǵ𣿡
    ܺãú˧Щ񡣡Ҷ΢Ц˵
    ÷վţ۾ᣬȴ޿κε˵ĪҪƭң϶ѾǵˣôûһоأĪǽöİٶŵŮӣ꣬ԻɢóǰƵ¡ϣһǲǵˣ˵ĿУǸˣ
    ʦĪҪѹҶͷ飬Զƭ˵ģִԼҲǰİһˣøЦһĿ³𣿡޸𣿡
    ã÷ŵĿԼͽܣ˵˵ҪǸĪﲻǸ򵥵ϣڽϵʵ͸һ治ˣ䲻㡣Ȼʮ꣬ѾһˡʦҪʦ֮·һ壡
    ʦҶѹĺ֪ǣǷˣĸϣ尾֪ʦĸףȻ˵źޣûаúޡҲ֪ðգɼһ˲ðգ񣬷ֵһðϾĶӣ̫ס
    ÷ҡҡͷѹ˵ʦ֪ģʦԲԼһעϣУζǸúӣʵУǼΪ˺ʹ㶨ܾ࣬ҲþͻᱻϡǸ֮ˣᵣǰ񶾵
    Ҷûпʦ˺һᣬ΢Ц˵ʦĪҪģֻǸӻһԸȢҡǷ˵Ů˶ˣҲȢҵġ
    ÷һ㶣һʱû˵
    صסĿջԸС׼ǸҶоתһ죬ûϣҲ֣úõĶʲôʵǸֵҶ飬֪ΪʲôȴƫƫҶо˵ǰ㻰ǸŮˣһ;ջ
    ƿţҪ£ȴڵء
    Ҷǰŷϵһ飬ߵʱַϵһ飬򵥵Ļĵ
    ÿɿģҶʡ
    ϣһ䲻ȵ˵һŮӣܵһӷʲô
    Ҷ⣬˵Ǿǣ˵䲻ŵĻ˵ⷿҶסģС˵֣ŲҺ˹㣬һӽҵķʲô
    ϣ㵵ĿҶô崿ɰһŮӣôˡ̱ȤðɣˡҺܾ𣿡
    ЩʱҶһЦ˵鲻ţ֪ʱ͹ȥˡⱾķϣ͹ԭɡΣŮ飬һտɹ˳˳⣿
    Ҷ£˱ˮϣЦһ£˵ֲȵģγ˹ԭҵ飿СѾͷ൱Ĳ㰲ʡĪǸãһͱˡ
    ˼ңγ˼ҷˡҶ΢΢һЦϣȴڿЦΪʦŲҪĪļһֻ̬Ҫݺݵơ
    ϣ΢΢Цţ˵ʵҶɱȺҶоǸСһˡк£˵һ濼һ£Ҫ޸ҵĴ㡣
    ҶЦţһһ˵ϣҪȢΪޡ
    ϣһˮǺɤ˺ð죬Ҷ˵
    ѾͷĸϣʣôͻȻһҪ޸Ҳųɣ
    ҽҶѾͷҶĸ˵һҪҴʱ㻹˳ۣҵһһҪ㣬ȢͲȢ



7

        ϣòƽԼĿԣҶе棬˵ҶҲûдȢҶκһλС㣬ֻǲòӦһ¸ĸİš˵ʵ㣬ĽãҶûпȥǸǽ˭ҲȢ
    ɣ㣬Ҽ޶ˡҶ˵ûа飬ͻ侲ηӦѿѿ£ֲûǸʱиڣ˵ϣĻʯ󺣣κεĲ
    ϣ˵⽭֮ϻû˿ʲôҾʲôҪ£ҲȢҵ¡ĪʲôΣ
    ˵Ǿǣӽ£ֻҪⷿһ޷˵Ҷ˵
    㣬ʲô񾭣ϣ˵㺰Ǹ͸˵ˣٶҶС
    ֪Ҷĵλ㸸ĸҲǲ̫Ƿǡ򣬺αҶף˵ף㸸ĸ͵óȫ¡ҶһҲûе˵Ҫ㣬һҪޡȻˣαô鷳˵ˣЩ
    ϣŭЦѾͷԴë㲻Ⱦƺȶˣջ˰ɣѵΪǰɽׯׯһҪңӽ£ʲô޲ãǸҲǸѡʱ֪ҶĶС㣬ΪֻǸū澣Ѿں㣬ɡ
    ҶһۣЩ֣ʶʣ֪ģ
    ϣûлش⡣
    ҶҲȢ㣬þеİ취ҲӦȢ㣬Ҳɡϣ˵㲻ŮӣǸҲŮӣûõҷ㲻Ȣĵزİɡ
    ҶϣһЦ˵һȢҲ޷ֻǽˣ㲻ӦҲ㾡ˡ
    ϣĻЩɻĿʲô㾡ˣ
    Ҫ޸㣬ˣ˺޳ܵˣʲ̫ʵ㲻ϡ˵ҾˡҶƽ˵鿴ǳĿɰ۵ݣʮ˾СǷ۵ģȴ˵ͨ͸ϣЩжھΡû֡
    Ѿͷʵͦɰ˵ֱʡǣ㻹ȥϲ˰ɡϣЦЦ˵
    ҽҶѾͷҶٴĽ֣͡ʲô˿һ˶ģѾȻȤðɣһȢҲֻòˣֻҪúãҼ޻򲻼ûϵ
    ϣҶʵ˵Ļ˵棬Լ˵ԼʱϾȻЩɣѵ˵һ鷳ͷ۵ΪλҪ
    һֵŮӡϣ̲סЦ˵Ȥ
    ҶȴûκεķӦֻǵ˵Ȼ㲻ԸȢҲܼޣҾͲ鷳ˡȥķҲûҶϣھÿġ
    ϣҶͷҲأ뿪оȻЩʧ⡣صȹԽԽԶȻûлعһͷȻҪԿ϶һǣͲϲҪһΪĳԭ
    صҶһЩϤӰ΢üͷûӦʲôںԼūС˵
    û𣿲ѽġʱ˼ص£üĿ㣬۾۾ͺ̶㣬ף˵ӡֱ̫ˣҲҶū澣ôûһأƺЩżСҲЩż
    ۾̶Сԥһ£Щֵ˵ݣҼҶС㣬ҼҶС۾Ĳˣģȥ˾ͿݽȥǴҹϵġ˵ҼҶСǸŮӡ
    룬ϲ˵ԣԣָоøɾ񾲣ͺĿ峺Ȫˮɽ±ߵС˿ˣĺܡԣԣ˵˵úҵĶС㣬һ֪ǲ
    ȥ˻ûлС΢ЦŻش̧ͷȻҶ̸˵˵˵أҼҶСͻˡƣǲ˵λ
    ̻ͷһۿҶڵء
    ҶվţǶˣɾüĿ㣬͸Ź񾲺ʡ
    ԭҶĶС㡣ϲĴкһĿģһֱģˣҪӵ𱸣û뵽㾹ȻҶĶС㡣̫ˡ
    ллһ·Ҷ΢Ц˵
    һЦͺů⣬ǰһж˵Ŀġ֡ŮӾȻһ֮ûƯŮӣҲµһеּͿֵǴδйġ
    пرһ㣬һֱΪ⸮ū澣û뵽ȣ˸ЦǿģҶĿҪ״Ρ
    ū澣ҲЩ鷳ǣǸĶС㣬ԼҪףĸһԣҲԼһֱûмǣҲôЦ



8

        Ҷҡҡͷ˵ǸССᣬ޷ԼģǺ໳һģ
    ʹһģǰҶ졣һ͵͵ġһֱǿĵģһֱŲõЦݡ
    Сһ͵͵Цɵϣնӿ϶ϲҶʵ˻治˳ӢŨüۣһҲǾһĸ֮ңҶ˽ҲáǼˣСһʲôί
    Ҷǰ໳͸ĵÿģܴ󣬵ȴĵһ꽻
    ໳硣ҶЦŴк
    ŮУҶүϲŮΪԼᷢΪϻۣһǸи֮ˣ׹¾ȻһˡʿԣŮи֮ˣҶүϧ
    Ҷү۰к̶΢Ц˵ףֶոջ̸㣬꣬ջΣûʲôȤ˵
    á۾ûҶƿ˵ʱԵĴӦζ
    ໳΢Ц˵ôûòҶ㽲㾹ȻĲɡʲôлáСû㣬ЩæʲôѽˣҲո棿
    Ҷ΢Цţģϵı鵭ġ
    Ҷү΢Ц˵ղղĸΪס˵ţ˿໳ͷ⣬ԼۿųģεƷԼúҲԼĶŮǺʡ
    Ҷ΢ЩɬϾǵ˵ģµó໳ӦǸΪѡķʵ˭νڵݺΣɵһѡ񡣸ĸ֮ý֮ԣŴ˲˵鷳ʣαѰգ
    ȴ˵أĸǰףʲôʱô֪ҶΪʲôߵһ
    ໳ȴ֪ܵܵ뷨΢ЦſҶº͵˵ҸĸһֱϲҪϱε㵽˳ͣȻҪǰźá
    ҶЩ⣬֪˵ʲôźá໳ڹŴһˣӸСҶϵʱͼǸʱӦѾһλԶǣ˵֣ǲЩǶԼֳ㡣
    ǣҲͶˣȻϣǱ߲ٷģиõ˼Ҳͼˡ飬ִʱѾûȥԡ
    ֵܣҶүͼһԷ
    ҶоԼĸף˵ǸׯΣ
    ĪҪ⣬һ·ˡҶү˵Ӧ˳ûҪȢ˼
    Ҷоͷ
    үҿǸׯоͦĵģαصо澩ǣ˵ׯǽϵһׯׯȨѷɫھκһλ壬ǽ׼ңҶ˵ʵǺкôһ¡˵ǸׯͲ󣬳ӢȻЩ׵ĴţڸߴôûЩү̽һ̬ȣ⣬׼һֵһġ
    Ҷү̾˿˵СǸϣôܻῴо˸򵥵Ůӡǽˣʲôʲôûоϲоֻ¾Ͳˡǿûкʵ˼ңѡ˼Ҽ˰ɡҿ໳ĵܵᣬһ˲ţǿѡ֮ˡ
    ѾӦҶ޹ȥˣܲǼҵĹﶼҪ޸ǼҰɡϲ˵
    һ죬ǸڵϣҶЩҵ˵û£û£ҲСġСź˰ɡ
    ԷҪСЩҶүº͵˵
    Ҷ˵ͷҵĲغñ飬ͷļԷԵٶˣҲࡣ
    ̾˿ѾͷȻϲ໳ģСϲ໳һֱϲڣǷŲ¡໳һֱϲҶҶǿġС໳һֱСĺǻľҶ
    ջϣĿ飬ȴЩĪķңԼҲΪʲôһ˫۾ļԼȥ
    һֱ߶ŮˣСųľĸŮһɰСžµݣŵľֹĸϲġĸ˵ϱԲġ
    Ǹ˳ӵŮӣᡢҲһһ⡣ִҲδš
    ɣ뵽ĮȻһı飬ģԶҶֵһŮӣ
    ΪʲôһҪ޸ȴѾʱֱֵǰɣ
    ʵҲ֣ΪʲôĸһҪȢȴƫƫҶףȢҶҵС㣬Ҫδĸʱ֣֪Щʲô



9

        ӰһƻáǸСӰɫҹ£ģͣڴ⣬δվȣһѷھϣѹѨλ
    ϣ磬ҡ˵֪ϣ书̧ء
    ֪㣬ֵõ˵ϣ˵ÿȣ΢ЦţܵʲôúõĴڰɽׯĸ
    ϣ磬͵͵˵Сӣȫĸ˵ĸģҴ㣬ɣĺ㣬㲻ڣɽׯһ˼ҲûС͵͵˳
    ĸ׺ĸϣм⣬΢Ц˵ĸ֪ˣ㣬ӴࡣֻǴʱİɽׯѾһţ㣬ĸݣһʱֻǽѾ˷ˡ
    ͷҿ͵ĸ̷̸ʵǺ棬Ϊĸ̸̸ŴᵽҶҶҵλС㡢ϣ֡Ȼĸײ˵²һϣĻйأѵĸϣһλ
    ɣһ취֪ͨĸ׺ĸǵģЩ飬ýðϣЦЦ˵õСһ䷿Ϣһ°ɣô뵽Ūôһҹ´ţΪԼҪ𣿡
    һ죬Щĵͷ
    峿ոս䣬ҶԺһ֮óֺͲƮһѪ֮
    һ£ӴһԾ𣬴򿪴Ѫ֮˱ǶڿĴš
    СС㡣Сһֵ˽־˵С㣬ˣ֪ôãһҹ֮䣬еĶ֮⣬еƥȵȣͳͳŤ˲ӣһصѪ֪ʲôġ˵ţ̲סһ¡
    Ҷ̴·ţȥǶһֱ۰Ǹ״Եʱģѱٶȼ죬ǴĮǧѡĺ
    ִΪòίڰ˵ʱǲƷɱ⣬ȻŴϰʮ䣬֮УôִʱһôΡҪҪĻšκˣҲκˡ
    㶵ĿԼ׵ǣˣĴţָȻ¡һصѪŨŨĴ̼˫ۣ۾ɵɵĿţ˭̣ҲȻŤĲѪȥ֪˭ģһɱܽޣ
    С㣬СҪŻˣţҶĺ棬С˵С㣬үȥ
    Ҷ˵ͷ˵֪ˣϾ͹ȥŭЩƣ˺˰㣬ܼˡ
    ǰҶүţüͷ塣
    ϿֹүҪЩ취оĶǲ֪Ҫǳ£Ҫλѽ
    СɣоѾͷô֪ܲȥأúõļڼУôվҲأҶүŭĳСɺ
    Сŵһţţ϶Ŀ˵Щūģģ֪СֻǣСֻǣֻ˵ҪҪȥջȥջǣǸʲôʲôɽׯģ٣ׯū澣ūҪɣɣС㣬ū澣ū澱ڷ
    оǶ£Ǹϣǵģɽׯôһ֪ŮӿԼ޵ģףҶЩ棬ҪȢɣҶүŭֵĿϣ޺޵˵߳ģ˲֪ߵغ񣡡
    һ£ûһ졣
    Ҷ˵ȻѾˣҲСãһǺͰɽׯйأ磬ȥׯʣҲ֪ЩϢʲôᣬҲԽȻҶǾ׻ڽУֻǸһĵطѡֻϣСòҪǳǷҪѸСƢõȥòźá
    Ҷү˵ͷǿѹŭ˵ĿǰҲΨһеİ취ȥϣסĿջϣԴЩϢˣԺȥĶͳͳɾˮϴȼѬúõѬһѬ¶Ǳ֪ˣ˿ЦǾ˻ϣֻǷǣ
    ߺҶһҪȥĵطʦڵġԷЩʦǰɽׯģַ˲ȻԲڵĸ־Ϳ˲֣ǻǸеˣǱɡ
    ΪˣֻѰϵʦɽָȻͽɽΪ峿һ·ϻ¶ˮҲЩʪһᣬȹ߾մʪˡ
    ÷ڣɽǸεɽŹţҶ֪ʱʦһڱչˣֻʮ²Ӳȥˣʦˡðա
    룬ֻٷسУȥϣסĿջ



10

       δջͿջʮ׵ľ룬ÿʮվһλŮӡɴ棬
    ֪ˣ᲻ʲô⣿ûпŮκαˡ
    һ˵Ҷôܵˣ̫Σգǵ˵
    һŵĿ
    ЩʲôˣΪ˰Ҷʡ
    û˵Ҵ뿪ջԶЩĵط˴Ƽңѡ˶¥ԶԶԿüջҪ˱衣
    ˵ǰɽׯׯ˵ãٶŵʹĪ¡˵ΪŮϵϵٸԸٶŵˡٶŵԺݶơ治֪ɽׯׯΪҪȢٶŵΪޣȻаҲɣȻ˷ޡ
    Ҷ˵кιϵҪȥƣ׳òҪȥطׯҲ֪ںδ
    Ҷȥ˿ջ˵ǣаʱû˽ˣʱ򣬺ʹȥһҶǸлͣŽգ綼֮⡣
    𣿡ҶȻ˵ոֻˣŪԺһ⣬Խ峿ūæʰ׸պóô˻طׯȥ˱𴦰ɡ
    ˵ͷ
    ҶеĿջͷΪ׵ġ
    ִԼĸĸһ˽ĸĸÿΪǮͣԼҲи㣬򹤣˴ѧҲûлعңԼûвμӸ߿ѡɱ룬Ǹĸжôѹ
    ڹŴȴż۰ĸĸϵصþǱܳ谮ӡʱĸĸԵġԼĸ׳£ҪúõĻš
    Ҷ㣬㡪ԥĿҶƺ˺ܴľģʣǲĺϲҴ磿
    Ҷһ㶣˿񣬲֪λش
    ǲǺܿЦͻȻЩЦ˵ʵӦ⣬ʵʵ޴ĺϲ㣬ҲһϲģһСġ˵ǿ㳤ġҸ
    ҪˡҶûлش⣬֪Ҫλشϲϲʱĺݡ֪ζĿǰҲ໳һֱǳĺǻչҲܺáĻһΡ
    Ҷͷìܡӵһοͷ˴ŮӣκʵŮӣģȴůůһŮӣӵһۣȴҪΪĴɩͷۡ
    ôˣҶЩʡ
    ޣûʲôûʲôֻͻȻ֮ЩдŬ΢Цţո˵ʲô
    Ҫȥˣ뿴׻ؼûСҶ΢Ц˵
    ãһ𡣡˽룬ܹһһҲǺõġ˸磬Ͳڵһ˵˵ЦЦˡ
    Ҷ룬ʱǼѾʰˣⲻȥһɣһȥˡðɡ
    صѬԴҩˮˢԺ͸ŹӸɾˬĸо֪ãУҶǾÿйѪ֮
    ̲סüͷ
    СҵûУԼѾͷʡ
    Сҡҡͷӳȥûлżء
    ҶͷĵԽԽءСʲô鷳Ȼðɽׯջ𣬶һаٶŵ˳棬ٶɫּ𣬳Ȼϣ߸м͵һѾݶˣǳֵΣɽׯڵׯǰٶ£ҩ÷Īеݳ£Ȼƭùɽׯׯҩξ
    ׻᲻أ
    ҶôˣôͻȻ˲ǲǵĲ£еʣֻȥطϣӦò¡ȻٶǽеɣϾҲڳ͢ϽΧڣ̫Ϊѳ͢Աġ
    Ҷǿ˵ͷȴǰҡͷ˾ͺˣͲʦʱ֮
    һֱ˻ƻ裬Ҳû׻Ҷżˣò׵ǣԼȥһ˿ջǸϣôݶҲӦöһ֣οһԹ޳ĳ͢ԱȻٶôţҲܹǳ͢ĹԱϹٸ鷳
    ĸ֪˵ģҶĵ뿪ȥջ
    ϵĹѾܰˣ·ߵĵ̶ѾŻȼ𣬹͸һ˿ޡ
    δ߽ջŮʮ֮ľ룬Ҷ͸оһɱŮ͸¶һֲε֮ǲţֻһͨŮӡ
    գȻ÷ͽܣվʦ֮ϣʵʱʦڽʦ˵ʦΪʧ侲ʺգԵ侲еѧ°빦ʦգʦЦ˵Ķ֣ʦҲСΪֻ׽ֻڴ˵ĽʦҲ˰ɻΨȫ
    ¶ʱ̫ҡһ鷳ֻ밲ĹԼӣ鷳븴ӣΪעġֻҪ£ζá



11

        ʲôˣŮӵʻ͸Ųζѯʣɡ
    Ҷѹͷŭ𣬰ģнģϸ˵ҶĶСҶ׽طׯδ飬ϴּøȥ£ʱԣǰ븸׻ȥ鷳ͨһ
    УŮӺصһڻؾ
    ҶһЦȻϸ˵Ҷʵûа취ûлϵּ⣬Ҹ̸ɣּڣʱ׵Сһûˣɾ´ǽˣ̹ڡɳЩЩòСĲźáﻹȥ˵һҶڴ˴ţ˾òؽ˼룬Ҷһȥ˾ÿ㣬ϷģȻᰲš£ɣ
    Ůһ£ͺ˼ȴһҲ򵥵˵ǣҶ£ȥͨҶ£ͲȥͨԼŰ졣
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12

        Īһ㶣˵ܾñŤҶһۣת˵㸸𣿡
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13

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    ֻ뿪¹ˮ档
    һֱϣߵúԶˣҶ̧ͷ鷳ϣһɷˣ޷ȵһһȻӢճȺԺգⶼǿ԰ȹһһֻ
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    ǸˣȴǰǸƵˡ
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    һȺޱȵȺ壬ǮУɼ㣬ʦĳͬѧż񡣿ɣθɣֻ˵ԼùǸʱ߹Ȼ˵ˣʶ𣿡õЦΪϧ֪һϷѡ
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14

        Ī룬ҡҡͷ˵벻ָоȴ޷þݳǾòͬ㣬ˣͻˡǾòס
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15

       С㣬С㡪СҴ˽
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16

        ĪºȻһҶֻһɺֱԼĲҪҪܿԼ书ҪҪ㿪һвûпܣ֪ΪʲôȴԸѡһߵᡰѽһ
    ĸףϣѿںзɻϻĸ׵ľ֮һ˿ԶùһУΪĸҪҶϣҶ书ĪҪ
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    Ҷһ£ԼһֻĪ¶϶ϲĹԼȥ֪Լ÷ĹϵҲ÷㲻ӡ
    Ҷ˻Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵Ȼǵ֪꣬Ҷо¶ַ˻ɣѵСְѸ̵ļèĹóЦˣ
    Īµ˵Ѿͷ֪Ҳȥ˵ֻ˵˵ɡҵǶĺܣҪͷ۵ѾͷһµŮӡ
    Ҷޱ飬վţȻĪµӡ
    ʮ߰ͣȻ֮ɫɫӨüĿ㣬һ˫ۣ͸Ÿɾ񾲣䰲֮Ļ죬ǸδĹŮӡΪΣȻԼأԼĲ
    ͻȻַ˶Ҷү΢΢һЦ˵ϣһֱϧĶӣҲȢޣѡôãȻһֱûкʵѡ֪ҶүǷϸŮϣ
    Ҷүһ㵣˵ð૵˵⣬⣬ʹãѾ˼ңռѾƸ񣬹ЩӾҪȢţοһŮ޶򣿡
    𡣡Īµģģ˵ǾǼҡˣּңǼ˱ˣ˭ңҾļҡ
    ҶͻȻ˵ַˣҶǻˣΪβҵǲǰĶӣԸԸ޸
    ǲҪ߲ɲ㣬ѡˣûбѡԿǡַ˵ȥʵڲǾֻ
    Ҷ㶣Ҫ˵Щʲôԥһ£˻ȥ
    ҲȢϣ˵Ҷһû˿ŮûκεȤ˵ѾѾҪκεŮˡ
    㲻ȢҾɱַ˵˵ѾͷˣǼ޸ˣűŤʵڲȢҾֻ뿪
    㡣ϣͷ˵
    ãַ˴Ӧĸɴֶ̧࣬Ҷһȥƺֻ˲䡣
    Ҷԥʱ䶼ûУȴӲӲı۾ݺݵԼ׳գѵҪڶΪһƵ͵ԼΪΣ˵ʱ
    һ㱣ϣץס󣬴뿪ǹɱķΧҶվλԱߵһӲɼƬҶүľƺҲ˲ֹͣ
    ȻԸȢϾǸŮɱˣʵڿϧ£ͽܰɡϣ˵㲻һֱûкʵͽҿѾͷѩ侲ºͣÿ͵סįѧЩҪĻݲݡ
    ַһЦ̲ס˵ϣôã㻨ﻹ֪ʲôŮɱ˿ϧʲôݲݣĳѾͷҲĲҪȢһŮӣöŮ鳤һѾ㹻ﵽϣһϸĳȵŮչ㣬㰲Ĵ顣
    һԱɫ˵Ŀĸ֪˵ЩʲôźãףΪʲôĸҪϣȢŮӣʲôһϸĳȵŮչ㣬㰲Ĵ顯ʵǲףĸ׿ڴӦҪ޸ϣ
    Ȣϣ˵ĸףӶһԶһ㰮Ľ֮ĶûеʵûȤ벻ҪǿӲ顣
    ַƺ𰸷ǳ⣬ƺӲϲҶϣȢҶҶү뽫ǧڿջúõġ԰˺ŮˣҺҶˣȻȥ
    Сȷʵ˼ңѾ˾ǵռңСһƽŮӣõŮӾǶǣַ˿ϸϸѡһҪСҶүѹ˵
    ռңַ˵˵Ӧǹ󸮵ɡڹʽķϣĪҪǼҴӴ˺󲻵ðǴ˰ɡأҶүŮ뿪
    ҶҪַȴһס󣬵˵ġ
    ϷţĪ·ſҶָָԵӣ˵ɡ
    Ҷû鵭Ȼ£ĿĪ£ΪʲôȻǧΪʲô
    Ǹ൱鷳ˡַҲ£Ĳ豭˿ڲˮͻȻ˵£㾹ȻԱ˰ı飬ϳ費ˡ֪ΪʲôҪϣȢ𣿡
    Ҳ㣬֪롣Ҷƽ˵
    áַ˺Ȼ΢Ц˵˵ȷӦʱңҲ㾹Ȼң
    ¡Ҷ˵ǣҲһҪֳѾˣαٷϣˣüϡ
17

        㵱治ϲϣַ˻ɵʣӿʼҶ˵ʼƺһһȫѯʵƺе磬ϲϲϣ˸Ͳڡ㣬ѵǸ⣿
    ϲǲϲʲôԭ򡣡ҶĿҶˣʣΪҪϲ²ǲװŲϲأȷʵǲϲҲȷʵǲϲңαҪ鷳İ˴˲ϲ˴һأǸжĹһһӦøʡ
    ҪһŮˡַ˰˵㲻ϲϣϣϲ㣬ŮˣˣͻһġϲϲҪˣͻᰮΪŮ˵
    Ҷַˣжʱ䲻˵ð죬˵ҶˣҪһȫȫϣȴطĸ顣ԣѡңΪҶǸŮӣϣȻҲᰲһӣᰮϣϣжٷİŮˡ
    ַ˵˵ͷ̾˵ȻǸѩŮӣʶ㡣Ȼ㲻ܻϣĸ飬ҿԽٶŵΪ
    ģҶ˵ҼˣұһһֻһˡעĶĵ𣿡
    ַһ㶣Ҷ۾һ˿ȻϸϸĴǰŮӣһŮӣϣһһǶģҪΰ죿
    Ҳ㡣ַ˿϶˵
    ҼˣҾһֻһˡҶҲʾĻش𣬡һĳ룬ҶһҸҲҶģ
    ַЩ죬Ȼᶨ˵ҿԺģϣ÷һ𳤴㲻ǸͻȻðѾͷмɫѣôʤùʮĸ飿ᰮ㣡
    ҶһЦ˵ʱ䳤йϵׯ氮ŹαǣһҪҶ޸ׯҶؽҶΪׯеΨһƵĴ㣬ׯͶŹﰲȵĹһӣҲҶҶƽĹһ
    ַȫûص˵ȻѾˣԲġһֻȫȫʧˣҶȥķϢٹһգҶһ𷵻ذɽׯ
    Ҷһ仰Ҳû˵˵ҲûãԿóַǸ˵һ֣ɽׯׯΪη÷ѡ˼͵Ůӣʵǲ̫ʺӣ쵼Ӧò
    ַΪҶѡķϣԱߣϣķҶұǶ
    ǰ˻ƿŽģִĲۣҶֻһƽˣע⣬Ҫݺ£ΪеĽ㣬ֻͷ𣬲˵ģֻ˵ڵݣһ书߽ʵ̫򵥡ֻƽˣƽӡ̫ۣѾڡ
    ҶүϺҶоصҶеջ˵սţ̷ԸˣˣϺҶоûҵκ˲̽ؽƫȥѷ鷿ң
    õϢռ໳ҶԲߡ
    ô໳һɫ֮ɫҶүôͻȻףǲ໳ĶĲã
    ϵʹͷӡŮƸһǾǵ׸һǽңҶһĶţԼǰģһǽĺ֮㣬֮šΪĸףʵѡŷش
    ʵǸ⡣Ҷүھε˵ҶоѾͷ£ϣҪ޸ĸȥףû뵽˰ɽׯׯˣǡȥǶ˻ȴׯУҪѡΪϱһѾ˼ңַ˲ϣ˵ˣǼ˱ˣ˭˭Ļֻû㡣
    ַģ໳ȥ໳е˵໳˵¡
    סܷջҶү˵
    ǺμҵĲҵ໳˿ܵܣͺμҴӵĹϵһֱͨȥܷջǷЩ
    δ˵ܷջѱɽׯƽ˸ȥɫص˵ңɽׯ볯͢ɽׯׯǰٶŵˣֻ˵Ҳǰ˵Ȼַ˿ҶãҪ֣ûпܵ¡
    Ǿ鷢չȥɣ໳˵СǸŮӣ˰ɽׯζգһŮ뽭ʿһ˵ͬ־ϣһ
    ʵҲǳ֪Ӧ˵ĽǣȥǷнİ취
    ҺȥջǷнİ취ȲҪż񣬱Ͼӽ£ȻǽʿҲǲͳ͢Եģǹ˼ӣӦûһϣ໳οҶүȴβסһĽ̬֮ʧȥյƽͳȣǲУЩ취
    ðɣһҪСġҶүַ֪Ǹյˣ໳ԿҪСġ



18

        ʱҶȥԷţҶǲԣһǾʳ顣ЩŮէٶţõİ취ǿֻɱȻǾʳƺķӦţҶҲ˲δǺȰвȥǰ
    ҶַȥǰԷ
    ҶڷŴľɫʱĸоɢɢģ໳ڿջǰ治ԶŮӽ棬ȴڣȥ
    Ȼ飬ղ̬ͬһǷǳżҶмָжȻܼ޲ˣ˱ţĵģҲҸɡʵҲ֪Լϲ໳СǣäĿĳ໳Լ޲ɣ˵Ҹ
    ˵Ҷͷ΢΢һЦ˵֪ˣȥ
    һ㶣û뵽Ҷ̬ȣûбڴ˵ŭͺ£̬ȺĺܣֻȻóľ롣
    ¥ǰ棬ַˡϣĪ¶ڣַ˵˸λӣԱǶַ˵һϣ
    ˶ûκεı飬ַָָֻԵλӣ˵ɡ
    Ҷ߹ȥ׼Ҫ£΢Լһ˿ôУ΢΢һ£ж˶٣ƺǲý΢΢Ӳſλá
    ְϷϸеʱǸʱϣϷˣΣÿζСˤڵϣǱȴԲˤڵϣװֻһӣȻ¡
    Īһ㶣ЩɵĿҶȴֻҶһŰȻݣκβӦò֪ԼղƿһЩ룬ԭҪˤڵϵǱģ
    ȻһҪϣȢѾͷǾһҪϣĿɣΪʲôʧأѵ˰ַˣٿϣûκεı֪߲˴¡ѵԼʧˣ
    ٷÿ˶Ե˼ӣҶȴԵúǰģαأѾˣԼ
    ϵʱռҪȥ֪𣿡ַͻȻҶҶİ˵ĲҶӦóԲ˯ŲŶԡһٸС㣬ͻȻǿȵļ޸ˣôƽ͵Ȼ
    Ҷ¿еʳȵûʳ˵֪վڴǰˣ˺ǹǾֻˣֻֻؼȥİ취
    ϣ֪ΪǺһ£˺üҶЦЦ벻Ц̲ס̲ס˵Ҷô˵þ͸һϵҲûеӣ
    ʳԡԷҶ˵ͷԼķĺеһж޹һ㡣
    ϣһ˿֮ɫŮǺ˼Ȣһơ
    ռҵĴ÷𣿡ͻȻʡ
    ҶһԣĳԼĶϵķûԺãһӵ£ɲʱٳһӵ⡣
    㣬𣿡Ī²˵ʣе꣬ŭ˵
    ҶȻ¿еķȵûзˣŷ꣬˵ڳԷٳ⡣α˴ҲַеĶϱѡںԭ㾴ŰɽׯδİɽׯٷҲӦмòɣڶŹȵ۵ͷˣŭҲ١
    㣡Ѿͷ͡ĪˣһС˵٩衣
    ¡ַͻȻֹ˵Ҷ˵òȷʵеδĶϱѡǵسҶүŮûò
    ϣЦЦĳԼķ벻ΪʲôĸϲȴƫƫҪȢҶǣ˵ԼҲֵĻ񲢲ĸ׵ľ
    һٷԵĪһӵĻǿԼŮίı飬ۣȻԼ治˵ʲôͷǧٱ顣
    ҶĪ⣬ҪΪɽׯׯġ̲סĪ¿˿ڣ˵ֻ»ƻԼңҲԼŮίƾʲôһ۸ԼŮΪϣӣȻнĴ㣬ҲɣҶˣҲҪ޵ͦˣ
    ҶĺܡҶ飬òо룬ֵĵȴңɼľ롣ɽׯǽһׯ۾ţַ˺ׯǵǶŹȢҲֻҶݵλ档αؼһʱֻµʱ㲻ᣬַҲöŹȡַ֮ˣ
    Īһ㶣Ϊ˲пʵҶ˵˵κȷʵҪҶҶȴЩָ̣оͺҶᣬȴǳЦӯӯѵΪǸҵĹ㣬ԼǱʲô֪ԭ
    ²͸ǰŮӡ侲ʲô
    ܴĪֻܾƽ˵仰



19

        ҶЦЦЩΣﱯȻԼһգõļʱΣЩǷִִʱաõļ̹ȻľǸʱϣһʱϷĶ𣿿ڣһУʱϣϲȻһ˵Ĺ
    ԼԶֻǸǡͺִԶϣǳЦĶһʱҲֻһ޹صǣΣһΪַѡһ䲻ɸ˵ԭ˵ˣֻõļֵܰҲϣҪһϣıŮˣԶ̨ܵǰ
    ޱҶĻش۾Щʪĵͷ˵
    ϣԹҶһȥҶδĸַһ˵ģ̸һϲɺص£ǹ¹죬ƸԼҶļױ鷳ҶүǽŮһУ˰ɡ
    СҶ˵ҪҼޣҪļޣƸ񲻿٣ױҲ٣ȻҪҼɽׯݲԺ£ׯҪȢҪȢ
    Ҫ̸ַ˵Ȼ֪Ȣ㲻ΪĳĿģͲҪΪӴ˺ǰɽׯׯˣʱҶҪ
    Ժ¡Ҷã˵ȴ˵ʹҵĸĸòڻռңβҶׯޣҲҶҪŮɽׯȻ˵ˣҲΪһĿĶڵұĳ룬ɱҲڴʱҵڴʱԺΣҼˣҾǰɽׯׯˡ
    㣡ǲС㣬Īº޺޵˵
    ŷˣҶںδĸ̸㲻ˣ벻Ҫ˵ЩʹԵĻҶ˵Ȼߣһ
    áϣһЦͻȻ˵ãϣͷȢţԺȻʣҲԸ
    лˡҶ˵ϵıȻǷƵѾǲ
    ַ˿һϣûпҲĬˡվԺҪŮӣǾЩ統ԼЩ¡Щֻ࣬Ӳ¡
    ַ˲ĪƺҪ˵ЩʲôȴĿ˻ȥһãȻ۾ﺬᣬҲǲҲǣίţǰ귢֮ƺʱɳ
    һۣĪ̾˿ѾͷϾԼСģǸĺӣǣǰ浥Ըôܿùܵķأ
    ³ɣ⺢һҪҶΪϣΨһ
    ϣ˵
    ΪˣгϺգʽƸҶƸҶүҲпɼ䱦ֵֻǣҶүӡ
    ˲֪˲ҶүĶŮҶҪ޸ɽׯׯǸӢε֮һῡϣׯ
    ռѡ˳ĬȻǾ׸ǺͰɽׯܹǵЩңԷǽˣˣֻȫðңҶүھΣŮҶռңҲЩ
    ˻ּ˳
    ໳ƽҶȴǹ뷿ϲ
    ҶүίŮԲױǼֵ֮ֻ޲Ůǣǲ÷Ҳʳǡ
    ֻǣҹȴ̲סݺᣬǲ֪ϣǰŮֻΪĳĿģ֪Ҳֻ֪ǿŮۣҪΪһƷ
    Ϊ͢سȴ޷ȵŮĽͱϵЩҲ֪Σֻǣĸ˲Ǽޣĸ˲أŮˣҲֻע׹治ʼϾ֪ŮһһҪ뿪Լɾһ⡣ԣߣϷ̹Ȼܡ
    ҶһֱڿջϣԸ˿ţ뿪ջ벽ҪСտҶԭؼҿȻˣҲˣմڷڿ飬˳Է㲻ſڣϣκ˿ʡ鷳
    Ҳ֪ΣĪºͶȻһ뿪˿ջ˰ɽׯĪҲ¶棬ӵУʱҴҼ
    ǰһҹϣͻȻҶؼңڼҴһϣһͻߡ
    棬СһС㡱Ҷһ뷿ɾʱģɾ򵥣ʮϤĸоеʱȫ䡣ϸ˼վֶЩ
    Ѿʦ𣬿ɣʦչسȻǲԼȥ϶Ҫġ
    ҹˣҶ޷ʦ׼ĸκ˴Ϊֻǰһðⷴ뿪
    ȴһӰһֱҶоסķȥԼһɵǶˣЩϤҶһ㶣·ϵҶоĹ뷿վϤЩ



20

       Ҷоһ˶ڷ޵ľԼϲϣΪȴҶ
    ûϢܽ𣿡˵ɴԼ壬ޣֻҲﲻ㡣
    㣬㣬ʲôˣҶоµʡ
    ˭Ҫ̫Ĳмŵʹѡ㣬ҪΪͽܣǼҲ޲ĸ֣õĺܡ
    øͷҶо޺޵ʱͷϣȻҲ˲ԼСݡ
    ƺЩ⣬һ£˵ҼҪΪͽ㲻ϲׯֻϧַ˿еĽ㣬ǣҼѧգҪȡ֮Ӧò¡
    ѧգҶоһ£˵ȥѧЩǲѧĶЩôҿѧĶ
    ЦһЩһѧĶҲ𣿼ֱǿЦ治֪Ҽ˵׿ĵ㣬Ҫѧգ
    ðɣҿǿǡҶо鲻Ը˵
    žһƴҶоϣ˵ѧҲѧѧҲѧЩӣҼ˻ɸ˹ū澵ڸѧգǸ˾ʱʦ
    ҶڰӰУĿ뿪
    صӦǲȴʼûзߵҶȻҶǵһ͵̸ȷеĽǵڶΣһ͵ϣ˵ȴϣ֣һΣȻȻ֮ȴûб֡
    Ī¾Ȼ뵽ҪҶоΪͽȻԸĪѹֻǰٶŵţȴţʵΪ̫ס̫׳嶯
    뿪Ĵţһ۾Ϳⲻ״վˣͬſջһʵ˲롣ҹɫһ˲ĹظУ˺ܲ
    Ҷ̾˿ǻΪ͵͵ôܣܲʣǣлĸĸŵκΣȴݲκ˺ǣһҪǺõĻţ½Ϊ˸лǸֵʮ⾰
    㿪ǣĵȥ˵ҲûпܣֻҪͳɡһҪʦ½͡
    ŰɫҶĵĶ㿪˵Ѿһ˵Ĵϡ
    Զ˸߸裬룬տ
    ໳
    СҶǵһοʧ̬ڿһ˵ĴϣŲģļѣݳտ񣬸Ǹضׯ໳һƹռҲҵ໳
    밵ӰҶ֪ҪνԼѡвѣɻһ˵˽ġΪϣǸѹѡµЩ
    ໳һݵھΡ
    磬ҪˣѾˡȰóҲԼ⣬Ȼ˵ûüۼѾеıãȻ
    ߣ˸ã˾Ͳôл߲໳˵ҡҡλεģ˵õǺֻܻڻ飬Ҷҡֻ֪Сôٷŵ±ˣҶֵΣôзСȴӵűŮˣСǸŮӣСǸĵ۵Ůӣôֽܹ˵
    磬ˣαѹˣ˵ǸϣҶҲܺõġӲͷƤ˵ȰοĻ˵ԼҲǿźġ
    ǸϣǸʲôĶ㲻ҪΪҲǸˣͲ֪ڽϣ˳ݺļһĺմǲݣС䵽ôкӿɹ໳˵ȴŲܰô֪еʹ
    ô֪޺޵˵һصǼĵһŮӾôĸɾô񾲣ôҶģȴδĴɩҲ˺ޣ޲ôжȥɣΣҪ޸ϣΣ
    ໳㶵ĿԼĵܵܡ
    񱯰˵㵱ҲۣżֻǣҪ޸ϣһǲѵģһǲܵ˺ٶǸʲôɣ㲻֪ȴ֪ǽѲ񶾵ɣޣΪٶʹߵַˣģһҶҺռвŲòޡΣ㵽˵˵ǵ׿Σ
    ໳ŵܵܣҭɤ޷³
    ȢҶҲȻҸ񵭵˵ҶҲҶŮ˵ˣԸƽ˳ӣȢˣҲĲһáңɢˣԸţܹҸҲͰҸһʱ򣬰Ĵ뿪֮󣬺δܿҵҸĵطĹһ
    񡪡໳ЦĿԼĵܵܣû뵽оȻ뷨ϧҲ㣬㣬ã
    ֵܶ˽нԶҶһ⣬ḧŷѾʪաǣңҲҸ
    ҪǰУȴͻȻɫе⣬žʱѾ°ҹ˵ʱ䣬ֻȥʦϣӣڼңҪӦ
    ԥֻܷԼ޸ϣѾ÷зʦȻ˵𣬶ңϣǰɽׯׯȢϵô֪ܲأǰȥ֮ʦҲһá
    ֻ˿οԼȻķҶ
21

        Һû˷֣ȻüСһᣬ÷ҵȶһ޷Ԥǰ;Ҫζȹ
    һҹߣЩ뵡
    ȵˮУƣ̾веĲͲֻϣʱӴͣסĲһֱעֻϣſ԰ĹƽӡһˣһƽҸӡ񣬺һӵ˷ͷ˼֮ϣҪҲ˲
    ѵִʱϣ˺һҲҪΪ
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22

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23

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24

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25

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26

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    ҶһЦװûпϣ۵׵Ǳ΢Ц˵ɩɩԣҶһҸ
    һԵï̹Цιղŵкһ³Է
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    ֪ҲǸӣαؽ⡣Ҷ˵ҲǸӣڻ򲻴ڣɲҡֻǣûңҲбˣϣȢһŮӣ˵ҲǸ͡
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    ҶЩ꣬Цһ£˵һֻΪĳȢԼһҵĿкܶǰвʣԺɿ֣ΪҶȢңֻΪҶүĶŮȢңʵֱ
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    ҲңһֻǸҲҸҲĽң˷ޣҲǰһ㰮ңǸ͡Ҷ˵
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    ΪʲôԲҶһЦε˵㰮Ҳ밮ȷʵǲ
    ãȻĿŰҶŮӸֵĸо
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27

       ҶȵĿǰ˧˧Щ⣬֪ѧУ˧ģһŮŵ
    Իվһ൱ƯŮһĿɰ۾ˮģĽëϺţ촽ĺˮ˿ŶΣͷľĴڼ󣬴һƯȹӣɡһſš
    ûдУ̫Ư
    áҶ΢΢Ӧ۾ǰЩ˼ЦˣоŮǼʵ۹Ҫˡ
    ϣϴº͵΢ЦҶò˵ʲô֣
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    վ꣬ڵˡҶãô󣬵һ˺
    ҶϣЦЦº͵˵֣ҿԽС𣿡
    ҶĲ֪ˣϣΪζ֮ãæĵ˵ͷһξԼ˵˳ٲĸеĺСʱǰˡ
    õģСҵŮ𣿡ϣ˵һϷı顣
    ҶԼҪεˣģ
    Ѿͷôˣϣ⣬Ҷļ磬Цʣ귢ʲôѽ
    ҶͻȻľѣӻصʵϣ΢΢Щ棬㣬һʱЩĪĻ㱣ֲͼ٣ǰˣǸˡ
    ԼȴҲͬΪ˰飬ֻΪĳĿģȻеﶼ˵ҲֲеȻ
    Ѿͷôˣ˭۸ˣϣҶоȻᣬŮӲ̫ԱͨǳĬģʲôҲ˵̵̣Īʹ
    ҶҡҡͷŬ΢Цһ£̧Ҫȥ۽ǵᡣ
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    ҶãȻüϣĵӲվţģ֪ġ
    ǸʱϣҲ׹ȴѵˮһ¡ʱȴιȥ/
    ԼĳãȻĽ˳ȥȴ侲ѾνġϣȢֻΪĳĿ𣿾˵ϲҲΪʡ
    գõļϲƺ
    ѾͷҵģԶϣһ˵ġϣ̧ͷҶ⣬һ˫۾ȴ峺ֻҪڣԲܵκεί
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    ҶЩɵĵ˵ͷ
    ïƺҲŷԼðʧϣӵ棬ϣΪһŮ˱ЩΣ˼ĳҶЦЦһãҲЪŰɣֵȥɽկɽƸӣйҲ·
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    ϣбһˣҶЩ԰׵˫۽գϣĻС
28

        ֪룬Ҷ̲ס룬ϣܹǰصǵķУͻ᳢ŽˣûлǾ˵ȻֻǵǸ͡
    ͻȻƽ
    ԼҲΪʲô
    ïûаסϣҶķ丽ǱȽԶһҶΣֻ֪һֱϣҲû¶档
    һҹδͣ峿Ȼڶϣ֪ʲô״ʹôҺҶĴڣһֱҶԼ߳ţֵܶû뵽Ҫźϴ
    תһȣԼ˵Ҷһһɽ棬пôպסΣɽɽʯ˸ע⵽ɽɽʯˡ
    Ӧ޷˵ѹ˵»ҪҶ֪ˣֻǡ
    ֻҪ㲻˵Ҷﲻ֪£˵ʱҲǲѣǶ˵ĹϵӦòΪһï
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    ï̾˿͵͵˵ҲãֵȢҶҲΪҶǵϸǰسҶүĶŮôȫĸȢѾ飬ġ
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    ѽͷʶ̡Ҳǲãֵï̾˿нԶֻԼüһ֣ݡ⡪һ졪
    ҶһֱȵԶˣĵ˳
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    ū澶һˮū˵ֹϸģչһ粽룬Ҳй
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    ֪Ҷ˵Լ̾һĿӶƿ޷˵һЦЦЩǳǳˣʱַ֪ҡ
    



29

       ޷һ㶣Ҫ˵ʲôȴҶߵԣ£ûκεı飬ϣûע⵽Ҷ޷һЦ˵Ӵֵܣй
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    лл㡣Ҷ΢Ц˵֪޷ΣлϸģԴʼºϸ塣
    ллҲͬʱӦһ
    ޷ЩĿǰŮӣǺҶ˵û뵽ȻΪںԼ˵һʱ֮䵽֪˵
    ҶϣſһߵҶԼϵǳЦ
    Ҫ˵ʲôȴУһ£ְ̾˿ҶĮȻı鼫ܴ죬ϲŮܾҲޱ顣ֻ˵ˣҹ˯ú𣿡
    ϣò侲ҶǾԼ˵Ȥ̧ˣȴ˵ллҹ˯üãһйɺã
    ྴĶԻ޷˺ïһ㶣ԭΪҶᣬĲΪȻѵˣ֪ԼǸϵƷ޷˰̾
    ϣµܣҲ֪ΪʲôȻǲѣҶǾھ֮УɣҶĮȻȴĴ̼⣬ֻ໳ǸСһ÷ӣ
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    ݺݵҡҡͷҶŬҪʱĳǸѡɱĳǸգǸϽҴصףǸ޲󶴵Ĵ𰸡
    һɵޣҶʶһ£̾òԣڸ·ô۵ʢĻ㣬ģˡ
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    ʲô˿ϣƤ¶ʲôϣҲᶪ
    һӰһ복ڣҶĶ棬ǹɵʵˣľǴʢĻϢµòӦǸŮġůϢɢľ뵡֮·ʵ
    Ǹģ˵ǸŮӣüĿɾºͳѹϣСӻ϶˼ƯװΣСġ
    оָζԼƤϣᵽָϵĶޢҶȻס
    ҶĴţֻǿϧ忡ݡǣΪҲֻÿϧˡ
    



30

       ָ׸ոմҶƤҪȴһ˿ǲĸоĳһѨλϣģʵȴãǣоЩ̧ͷһ΢Цİݡº͵Ŀ
    йεУҪ֣ҶʣϿκŭ
    㣬㡪һľ֣㣬ôôܻ书㣬ѵ㲻Ҷǧ𣿡
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    Ҫĺ£֪Ҷγֵģζùϵģϵǿģû˿ԶùҶζȥģγֵѨλģ㲻Ҫ
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    һ㶣ĿҶ
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31

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    ҶЩɬ֮⣬̲סߺ档
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    Ϊβ˵ַ˺ʡ
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    ҶһЦû˵ʲô
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    Ҳһº͵Ҷǳէ۸˼ңǰҪˮ·ݴһҪССġ
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32

        ַ˵߿ҶūͼǰУһӰԣϹŵ΢ҡɫˡҪ˴ܵǸϣסĵط
    ϣûиţҪȰй˼ǰУūСĲ
    Ҷ˼⣬񲢲ǵһӶʱĮȻı飬ԼԸղŲ䲻ȵĻͿ֪˴ΣҾԲܶӭֲòܵһˡ
    ˴ǸڶʮҵӣõҲüĿ㣬ǿҶЩֵֹġ
    ļƽȣ΢΢ϸ磬ţƮ˿˿գҶ
    е΢ҡǵ㣬Ǻÿ
    ˺룬ͻȻһΣվڴͷΧ羰ҶһʱСģһӵ˺ˮУϵĴţѽٷ˵ˮ
    Ҷջԭ˳ѻ𣬻ϷŪǿɶƽȵĺˮôܴζԼһʱˮأȻǣЩūͳԣҲҡ۸
    ţҶһͷˮУ϶ʱûĺۼִһӾĺ֣үүסһǼ꣬켸ˮУˮбþá
    ɱʱѡ£ûѡӡ
    ߵĵطȻȥΪ޷Ծȡ
    ͻȻӰһӦˮӦģôôͻȻͳȥأ
    죬ѽٷˣٷˣŵ˵һͷˮУŵȶˣҪҶʲô£ҲͲҪˡ֪ŹķԸˣǳ³ǺڵҪȿˮǺ
    ĴûҶӰһˮǺɤһӰԴ̽˳ɫŵĴѽȣȣѽ٣ٷˣģȣȣȣȣĲˣ졪ѽЩˣ˿
    üҺĵеĲͿֻ̣Ϊˡ
    ʵڣһúõġ
    վƽϣźϻҵһƬ
    ƾʲôֻǿ۸úõ׽Ūһǣ
    ΢΢һЦ̫įΪβЩԼ˳룬ΪŰɽׯΪ֪Ŀģƾʲô͸
    ŲҪ
    ϵ·ʪʪġոһӴλε˰ϣϣķǳĵطԺҪþסĵط
    紵мֺⲻҸطɾ·ںϷѰˣæһɡúõƫƫȤĺܡ
    ǵˣ֪ô£ҶĶȥˣˮ嵽δȥô᲻أϣ֪ˣһ
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    ǣʲô£
    ʲô£ϣҴҸŶ³һŵĴ򣬳ʵҶأ
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    ˮԺõȥңӾһʶˮԣȻ̾ͳȥˡУû𣿡ַʡ
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    ɽׯˮԺõͳͳѰңһʱ֮䣬֮ϸַǷƻͨ硣
    ҶĵĽ뵽˵صľҡ
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    Ӵ˺Ҫþסĵطȴû˿ů
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    ѽǲ䡣ѩŮЦЦ˵Ҳ˵Ǹ׵ŮӡɽׯʱǱŵ˵ǸƯ׵Ůӡ
    Сʲô۹⣬ֻǸŮӾҪƯġŮ˵
33

        ҶƮƮĵ˵ѹҪȿǣԭδ̸ҡ˵˵ҪζԸҡ
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    ˵أҶ֪ǲ֪书ֻ֪ǧ΢ЩṦӰӿЩƮƮģôʵɽׯ˿϶书ǣվ֮ϣҲͬһɣȻᱻԣֵǣԼƢԺ¡
    ѩͻȻ֣׽ҶȴһҶԭδԼȴҶվλĪܵһߡ
    ѩ㣬ǹɣ㣬ôܴдһŮŵɫףҲ
    ҶͻȻüȤԭ书ɱˣҲ׽ŪˣȤзʵյṦ򵥵һУֻ˲˴Լζ֮һյдէһΪǴд
    ŮӾŵݣǾú档ϾֻǸʮ߰ͣͯδšִǹŴֻʮ߰ꡣ
    أ龰֪ΪΣоȻࡣЩºαزϷ£ϣȢΪ˰飬αΪϣΪģһ˺Ƶֵ̬ͬ˶ѡ
    Ϊʵڲֵ
    ѩҲ֪ղŷʲôֻǾĪһ·ӱˮдһ㣬˵Ŀֲٷ˲Ǹոˮеѵĳ˹ɣǲǣΪδһ˲䣬ˮеĸо
    ڰɽׯÿ˶书ҲߣĲΪҶǸˣṦҲӦÿиоոգ˾Щûʲôо
    Źôֵ˶ԸңҶ΢΢һЦϾҹߡ
    ǣһЦȴǰŮӿ־壬ЦĶˣӣҹɫиǲʵƺͬƮƮģ˵˻߹
    ųģ鷳ȥΪ׼ЩˮҺúõϴˮ裬ҲͿԻҶ˵̧߽УſڣͻȻͷ˵ǵӣĪҪջ£Ǻϵˣʱֻǻæţæһɡ
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    ƽȴһ޷Խľ롣
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    ٷ˵ȥˣúõģֲļôͲأƶûУ˵Ͳˣǻˡƾʧ𣿣
    峿ĳɫɽ˵ӵĴҶԾ衣ʵе
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34

       ͷðôܣüȴǸٷˡһϮ£˿Լ΢Ц·ǰԶǧ֮⡣ɣɣΪʲôȴܿ۾ļޡӰȴƺԼľǰĳ
    ԸоŮӵ¶ȣȴ޷ʵİա
    һ̧ͷһӰ΢ЦſƺʣΪ˺ңˮ
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    ϣЩĿźԼӣǸˣĺˣûʲôۡһĺգɴ˶֣νǧ˳ԼĲôͻȻˣ
    ô
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    ϣһ£̧ĴʲôҲûУֻ糿ʵĿ͸һҶݵĵ
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    ̵ͷ˵ǵģǵģٷ˼࣬һ£ӡ
    Ѿ˿֮ˣ̧ÿҶӰպô߹ƺͷһЦ
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    ǵģӣĿˡЩˡ
    ԼеöƺʹǱߵСﴫϣһѵǼȷʵҶʵҶˮȴӰҲŻɣ˵ˮԣҲӦжʱôˮоͲأǺˮҲڵء
    ʩչṦСǣȿѩͽū澰վţ鿴ЩƺЩЩССϲá
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    ЦЦϣ濪⣬º͵˵վҪУÿ˻ܶ࣬ЩϵѣʱҪ뿪
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35

         ĪͻȻ˵㣬ҶǶһɽׯҲֿģҲûиɿչˣվҪл񣬲磬ǰȥչˡ£ױģҲЩ
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    صϣӵСҶ̰ѩеǰԸ˼䣬ýһͬ뿪Сȥ˱𴦡
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36

        ׼׵𣿡ϣ񲻴ͦ㡣
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    ҪúõĻȥǹԼµõ
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    ϣǰҶʣ۸𣿡
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    ҲӣǰңעѹҶ˵ʱվǰ˵һ̾ͻ֮ء֣ô棬ҲҪ£
    ַѰǣϣҶַһ˿ǣϣҶоȻȫ֮ɫ˲ѵпܰҶǰˣʱɻҶƴ
    ϣȥӦǡĪֻŲࡣַЩ𱸵˵һҶû˵ʲô
    ȥӦЩϵѡϣסҶ֣˸߲ҵ˵ϲš
    Ź֡Ҷһ䣬ǰĸϣֵȺȥ
    ˶ı飬ҶЩ̣ı鿴ģǰĽ
    ԼϲȢ˱Ůˣװί
    뵽һ㣬Ҷȫԭ˺ˮ飬ҲԼҲЩ취ͷһԼҸŮˣǸʱִԼҲ޲ԼõѴӴʧԼǰԣҲֻ鵽Ϊ
    ƱߵǶ˸ǰŬԼϴºףЦݣ˵ףϣҸ
    ӹ˾Ʊϣһ±оơ
    ٵڶݸҶȴ˵
    ҶӹƱһСڣ£һֵȵĸоɤﻬ£ͻȻøһ˵ȣ۾ҲЩ̫ҲЩ롣
    ԣԲͨľƣֻͬĪ£ȴǰɰСŮӣҲǰٶŵˡ
    ϣҪȴͻȻҶЩԣͻȻĽҲתЦЩ𾻾תͷʣвʲô
    ûпһԵĪӦЩ񾭵ҩһŰ
    ҶҪȴƺŻգ֪ãǲԿƣܿҪ鼱֮£뵽ʮָĵ˵еľƱڵϣ¼һƬƬδ˼ͻԼָѪ˳һʹࡣ
    Ǳϣջ˵ɶ񣡶Ҫɽׯ˳ⲻɡ̣ҶϣӣҪǲǾϣ˳ӣ
    ҶѪʱѣӲĽոµľƱƵ˳еϣһߣЦ˵˼Ǹʤˡ
    ϣһ㶣ﰵҶ³˸ոպµľƣ벻ٳ󡣡ôˣ
    ϵѪҶ˵ղžƱڵϣȥʱСĻˣ¡ȥкĿ˰ɡ
    õġϣӦţתͷԶĪ˵´ݹǳȥȻǰٶжңҲݲ˵ķϣˣ



37

        СҶȴװûԼ̧ǰ˼뿪ˡ
    ҴҵĴ˽ϣ˵Ǿˣ˵գٷ˵ѣǰףء
    ϣһ㶣໳һλ
    
    ҶҲЩ⣬档ȥ󲻾ã˽ܸ·żģЩ㲣ƺ˲١
    ҶãÿɺãŬ΢ЦţҶҶеʹţȴʵš
    ҶҪش
    ϣȴǰһм䣬Цݵ˵ֵܣôԶĸҪúõĺȱϲơ
    Ȼ΢ЦŻش߽һ˵ϣȢҶǺĿҲܣȴӦǽˣɵֲһ֡һţ˺㶨Ҫߡ
    ϣˣֻйأ顣ҵʱĸ磬㣬αˣϣ˵
    ҵ£޹أֻҪţҶκʧһ̴ߡ˵ҶһֱǳĶ˵ֻ˵ˣӲ
    ֪ҵĿʲôҲֻ˳ӡϣޱ˵Ҳܷԡ
    ûǲ治ףΪʲôҶҪӦΪҶδ룬ǽˣҶϾǳس˻ϰæϣҲޡ
    ǣҶȻǴӦˣҼԼ۰Ů
    ʵǲסֻǿ޹Ҷ
    ҶȴϣŭƿԼǰϣ߽º͵˵磬Ҹɺã
    廹ãֻǾã㡣ݺݵĵϣһۣҶ΢Ц˵Ҷ˳ÿɺá
    һдӸסҶ΢Ц˵Ȼˣ͸߸˺ȱõϲƣָϲٻȥ
    ˵ͷŲ̵飬Լ£һ̴Ҷ뿪ֻǿϧԼһ鷲ӣ
    ϣҶ뿪ﲻ˵˵ôĿףȥ˽ҩźá
    ҶϣͻȻʣйأ
    ˣҲһֶҪЩӲܽáϣҶͻȻЩˣȴǵģУ˵ѾͷЩ£ǲ˵֪̫˻㲻òУңʵǲС
    ҶźҴһݸϣһСƿ
    ĸĽҩո˰ٶŵġԻ굤Һþ˳Ĳ֪ճҸոշԸȥ˽ҩ֪ͨ˵նүʱҲĸΣҩʧ˱ԡϣ΢Ц˵ǽ͸ֻҪˡȰѽҩ£Ȼ˳ҩڣ㲻ָˣʹУֻ´ʱ
    Ҷһۣ޺޵˵ҪΪҲ²϶һˡҲȥˣ˸ջ𡣲ɡϣ´βǰ̵ĺҪôͺãҪôͺŹ˲
    ϣһüЦѾͷѽ
    Ҷ˲Ҷһ˵ԺΣǰɽׯٷˣһŮ۸ţˮ˵ڻϳǲ֪ǳҵȻԭɰ񵽾ɲ
    ããѾͷġϣЦ˵˳ɲɣԺһֻŹŮܲף
    Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ͷ˵Źԡ
    ѾͷϣҪ
    Ҷ㿪Цܿˡ
    źսۣʱһҪúõоһ£ϣǸһ൱Ĺϵ˵ׯһǸ˵ĳɲ£Ǹ˱൱õ书µҲЩ书߳ˡҶĹ
    Ҫһǣ罣ԭ˾
    罣ϣУûʶǰѽ˿ţ罣ҲһͨĽҶ֪ǰѽ϶罣Ӣۣϣûκιϵ罣ԲϣУ
    δԼʦ˵ׯѽׯʹǽׯԵ¡
    ϣ΢ЦſҶȻڳ񣬺Ҵܹߵ͵˵˼䣬ϣüͷ΢壬˿վڼ⿴ԼҶ˵ͷ˵֪ˣȥɣ˺úõĿĪֳ
    ·ǣҶƽ͵ʣ˵ҿ԰㣬ǲйв޲ϰ
    ϣҶ΢΢˵ͷ
    Ҷɫƽ˵ҶڵһգκҷĴڣҶʧãԸη⣬ŵģҵй̸̸
    ϣмȻҶ΢ЦʣѾͷҪλ𣿡



38

          ҵɷȻҪҲһ󷽵Ůӣ˷ͬһˣȢҾҪңҼҪ㡣Ҷ˵һŮӳ͵Ȣ㲻ͳ˻ϣԺǲżȤ
    һ˻أϣЦǲǾͿԺˡ
    Ҷһ޺޵˵һ֮ҪȢŮӣҶˣ򣬱룡
    ϣȫǸжŮӣ˵ĿĴڣ˷УȢҲǿͬðɣȥɣʱҪѰżҡ
    пǷҶʣҹҹδ飬ʲô׵鷢˵Ҳźý顣
    ˵Ƿ֣ȷʵЩǷϣ۾ţ鱯ˣ˵ֻЩȴǿǷֿԽ͵ģӦǴлмҶԼҸϣо֮
    Ҷ΢΢һ㶣мҺͰɽׯй
    ðɣҾתЩҶ˵ֻǣȢǻҲһ
    ϣ˵ͷ΢Ц˵õģֻһһ㣬Ҳֻһһųɡ
    ˣȻһһҶһ죬ô·ܲɣȥӦ˰ɣȥйܿͻ˵ţתźһͬ뿪
    ǰ棬Ҷĸں棬֮ͻȻʣнֻһ𣿡
    ˵ͷ˵йΨһҴģҲǵʱˣ˵ʱѡ
    Ҷʣּϣȥ̽룬̾ͻش
    Ҷֻ΢΢һͷ˵ǿнһ޹ʹս¾һˣȻȴĻţֻڽ֮ϣҲǿĺܡ
    ǰ˵ͷһֱչҲǲ׵ʱΪ
    ҶһüȴûнȥȥỳɣЩʺ
    һţȿ㲵ݣţһصǼϻ̳ϿֵūһŵվһߵͷҶһЦԭϿ龰Ǽٵģԭʱˣһľϲˤˤһضǡ
    йҶĺһº͵侲˵ū˵вʲԸҪ
    Σ޺޵ĿҶ£
    Ȼҵ¡Ҷ˵̬ȣҪеǼҸ£ǵҲһĺգҲ˺õļõգֵЩ׽Ūվŵļū˵ȥɣԻỽǡ
    õģٷˡū澵ͷ˳ȥ˼ַɵģҲûԶҶʱǣֻԶԶ뿪վš
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    ϲҵɷҵȻҪʡҶ˵£еСС豭񾲵ļ˵һŮҽʱҪҪģܲܲʣȻҪܵģҪܵסҵķһʱҲĵ¡˵йػ޹أ
    Ҷŭȴ˵
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    ǣϣˣ㻹ǣǿ˵
    Ҷûκεı仯һ϶鷢ɽկ˲ıܻ䣬ԸֳԼںҲֳֻܱķˡ
    أҶ΢΢һЦ޶ˣȻЩ飬ȻߵŮӣҹĶۣҵˣо¹˵һ׮ССưãңҺαؽʱİǰ£
    ҧԼ촽˵ŵһҡ
    أҶȻ΢ЦţᵭмҶļд豨ŵһȻͬðǻ
    ҪҵˡӲͷƤһһ˵˳һҪúõĴһ
    ҶȻ΢ЦĿǰʣǣǺ²Ҫأ񣬴˿źµӦҶ
    ˵⻰ҶԼЩ⣬Լ˲̵ıǰλŮӣʵҲֻǣԼκһԼ֮Ů˷ͬһ˵ġ
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    Ҷ̾΢΢ҡҡͷ˵йĺݱɣ㣬һҪҷһˣȴڴʱȢңҪ㣿
    һ檲Ǻ𣿡˵㾡ˣҲҪС檵ݣѵҲ𣿡
    УҶҲ˵ֻҪһ죬ϣ߾ͲκһŮ˵Ӱӣй㣬ǶŹԡ
    ֻµʱɲˡͻȻ䳰ȷζҶ۾ͻȻһ£·ͻȻϣ



39

        һ˻ϣҶˣԺһʡ룡ҶĿ֪ΪļˣмҸ࣬ǣǵʱΪպıֻнһ˵
    ĿҶ۾еϣȴƺͻȻࡣǰҶ֪٣ҶүŮô֪ʱΣѵϣЩҲ˵˲ɣ
    ɡ˵㹻ʱȥʱ򣬿Ҷεķⲻš
    Ҷº͵һЦ˵õģǾҪҪͷĵȥʱһܲ˵ɡ
    ͻȻҶһһ˵㵽ʲôˣ㻹֪Щʲô뽻ǰȥֹʱԣ
    Ҷ΢΢һЦº͵˵ǳسҶүĶŮİɽׯׯϣ»ӡ֪нŮиΨһҴĺˣʱнϧϧ˶֣ͨȫԣϣҪŵһһϣαϸԣʱ˵ɡ
    㣬㣬ֻҶүĶŮһǧ֪˶飿˵Щ£ִἰ֪İ㣬򡪡
    Ҳһöӣ˶ѣ㲻غ˼롣Ҷ˵˵ˣйʰһ£úõźš
    Ӧ˽ͷҴҵʰŵϵǼ
    ֱϲƣ㣻ֻ밲ţ㡣ҶͷҲص˵߳˷䣬ĵ⣬ͷȴһķ䡣
    ϣһ˵ĹϵǣʦĶӣΪʲôѧȴʹýأһ˴Ӳ罣
    йأҪأ
    ǰţԼһӰһҶһԺ˵ȹȥЩۣϢһߡ
    ӦԼͷǰˡ
    ҶߵԶˣŹ˸䣬˳ŸղӰʧĵطȥһ·ǰǸС԰СţѾˡҶƿţ˽ȥطʦʦĵط
    ʦ𣿡Ҷһ
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    ʵ԰ɽׯҶİͬԼһɡΪʦǰεĵεΣѾϤԼһĳ̶ȡ
    ʱ򣬾֪ոյӰһʦһûпʦ˵ãС԰ԶŵģԶаԶϣΪǰʱʦᵽֻԲݣԼĶϣˣ
    ʦʲôʱģҶĵʡ
    ġ÷ԼͽܣȰһЦ˵Ѿͷô˵ɵһҪ޸أܹƽҸһ𣿡
    ңȴԸҶƤ˵ϸˣѲˣҲֻҶʰˡ˱ˣֻǳݵ
    ˵Ѿ˶÷˵
    СϢǲ١Ҷ΢΢һЦʦһ˵СŮͽܵĶ֣ΣҪȥ𣿰ɽׯǸԻ֮ƣɨūͶŲ书һʱĻãʱһⲻᱻ˲
    㼸գϣΣܷġ㲻õģϾǰĵطϤĺܣֻû˿ƵüЩˣӦû֮ϡ÷һЦȰ˵
    ʦԸʦı㡣Ҷ룬ʦׯԽʱᣬׯģǸĵˣһӦǸεˣʱʦһԭ˵ԽͿ
    ȥǰɡ÷΢Ц˵һĴ䡣
    Ҷ˵ͷ뿪С԰صǰ档ϣѾԼ⣬ⳡ񲢲С
    ˵Ѿ׵ϣҶ߼ȥЦ˵лЩĵ⡣
    ǵġҶ΢΢һЦ˵˵ĵȵ檵ʱ򡣡ʲôʱ檣˻ϡҶǿЦģѵȴ΢Ц棬Ŀϣƺȫġ
    ϣȴû˵ʲô۾ȴһ˿֮Ҷһ
    Ҷ£ϣкˣǾơѣһЩζסȻֻЩȤ飬Ҳһˣ˿ɢʱҶԼĹͷҪɢˣϣЩ˷·
    ԡ£Ҷһ˾ĴڷŽʦδȻʦϤ˴Ҳļ䷿סֻҸطһҹɡ



40

       ѩҶװʣպȾƵĿ˿Ц˵ׯķһһƯѵɽׯбķ˲ɣ
    ѩһҶҶڶŲ豭Ȳ裬һƽֻһʣŷ
    ǰλٷˣѩЩɻģҶ׽͸оٷ˱ʵǿϰٱˣףűѩȴֳƣһڸգ˲ò㾫ź
    ԭйһλׯˣȥˣڵׯǺȢġѩ͵͵ν˵
    ǵǿϧĺܡҶ΢΢һЦ˵ԭţҪڵһŮӣԺĿǰׯᲢۡԭѾѽ𣿡
    ѩҡҡͷЩԥ˵ǲС£ûҵҲͰ
    Ҷ˵ͷټȥԼĲ衣
    ϣ˽ϻŨŨ⡣
    ˵ʲôѽ˸ˣϣʣ۾΢УֻΣյԱ
    Ҷ˿ڲ裬һЦ˵ѩ⻨ĵëɷŴ
    ϣ΢΢һüƼٵ˵Σ
    ҶҲٰٵ˵ϲ㽭ϵ˵λׯ˵òǺ棬ׯòһǸˣԭǰλׯ˲ҿᷳңزˣǸԻȴ˿޵ĺð취Σ
    ϣһЦֻҪ㲻ıɱ׷ҿԿǿǡ
    õͦҶ΢Цţȴ˼⣬ΪΣϣûһ˿һı飬ѵԼĸףʲôԭ
    ѩ˳ȥϷţǳ˵һֵǧ˾Ȼƶ졣
    ѩһȥϣͷڴϣ˯ȥҶţҹɫŨתɵĳأȾ˴һҹδߡ
    峿ʱȴƿһŵŨ֮ͿԷɽׯУҶվڴǰĿţһҹУһֱԺѰйعźս۵Լ֪顣
    źսۣܿܵӢۡϧεգȴΪȨƶֱΪİ·һսۡڵĻϺǸˣѾӢۣЦ۹£ݺ¡˵ģͶˣΪͬһĿߵһȻΪͬһĿɱȻһ˻ϣһնɱڽ
    ʲôأͻȻҶһͷϣվԼ󣬾ĿԼ۾ƽԼеЦ⣬ƺһ˿ȷ顣
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    ϣ㣬Ҷ߰յҪ˵
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    ѩЦһȴ־òԣ̵ͷɫ
    ǰοѽǻϽѽϣҲ̲ס΢Цʣ˼ҪɱأٶҩҩɾȣҪķأ
    𣿡Ҷգգ۾΢Ц˵ٶžԲҩɽĶҩȥưɣҩɽĶֻҪ㣬һĺҩȥôҲýȢӣһûأһĵԸȰǡȤĺܣ˽Ůĸ֡ȥɣҪЪˡĻҾͿԲطǲǣ
    ǵģǰء㲻ȥƣϣһ߻·һʡ
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    ѩͷǿЦٷˣȤĺܡ
    ϣҲûǿѩ˷ţعͷ˵ýɹź㡣
    Ϣɣֻ밲˯ᡣ㰲ȥɣٷˣû˻ҪҵġҶڴ£Щ˵۾ЩˣҪúõ˯



41

       һҹߣͦ˾ġ
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    ˵ֻèôҶһֻɾĺ꣬ǰ׺꣬˵İ׺ꡣĽᣬҶı
    ٶŵöҩɱԭһ־磬ԼūͲ˵ٷ˾͸˵ľֵðɽׯ²ðߺšŹҩˣѽǿЦôôһū澣ǶܶСģСĶԲΪѾͷݣ˿
    ԭöŹǸƯɰС㣬ҶŶ̶̼գôʣ·峿ʵĿԣǺǣǾˣźӡ
    о˾Źֵٷˡ
    һֱ˯ӽʱҶۣ˸ִЩҪꡣ컹յӣʱ
    ¶кã䣬ůůġ
    ٷˣˡŽһֵЦ⡣
    Ҷ˵ͷ˵Ź´Щˣ׼ЩԵİɡǵģҿҪԷϣأû𣿡
    ׯǰ洦Ź飬Ӧûʲô΢Ц˵ٷˣĪҪģׯ˵գŹֻСһ׮Ҫʲôȥ׼
    Ҷ룬˵Щģȥ׼ɡ
    ɵ˵ͷתȥˡ
    ӭѩЦЦʣѩ㣬ˡŹɺЩˣոٷ˻أ
    ˽½ûʲô£ǺׯһҲ뿪ֻҪׯһ뿪ⲻǶܡô˵Ҳׯٷ˸ոճ׵ӣһִҲѩЩ˵ׯˮδءٷأ
    ոˣ˵ЩˣҪЩģ׼ȥƣɿڵġɵ˵ͷ˵ǲҲׯ׼Щ˵ܹ
    ѩ˵ͷ̾˿˵չգϾŹǰɽׯĿˣׯòӦ꣬һСһ𳤴ģҲ÷ΪӦİɽׯׯˡ׼ŰɣԻصҲ˵Ϊٷ׼ɡ
    ɺѩһȥһӰһҶķ䣬ͺһУͺۻһ
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    Ҷû˵ʲôֻǵĵͷͷȴɻأöͷͻȻð˳ȴ֪Ӧôĸͷ֡
    ʲôѽ÷ʡ
    ҶǿЦЦ൱õĸоָоͷµܣҪйȴйʦЩãȻ˵ûʲô£ֻͻȻЩ̫ʦҲûʲôҪ˵ģׯ𣿡
    ÷˵ͷͻȻЩǰһֻǸӵ侲ĪȻǷǳѹġ
    Ҷ֪˵ʲôźá
    ԼнŲ÷̶ңűƿϣ˽ɫЩƣ£˿ˮ˿˵ŮѲĺܡ
    ҶֻЦЦ˵ҲԼǵġ˵ͶŹҲ÷һ𳤴󣬿νС֣ȴȢңôʵȻҪָ㣬һ޶ϵô׵һף֣֣һҲ֡
    ϣһҶε˵ĸ첲ʼģ˵࣬㾹ȻҲ˵
    Ҷһ˵ϣ㽲òãҴϲһҪһҪģһû˵أ㵽ԹȻʰ͵øװƣԺǷҪҲʡ
    ϣЦЦ˵ðֻҪǰĴŲ֣ҾԲʡ
42

       ɺѩˡ
    Ҷң˵һ·ȳš÷ӴȥЩɻϣգѵ֪ˣ
    ѣҶϣʡ
    ҶаЦЦϣչȻʵĽŲǹµģҪˣȫץ÷һǲѾ֪÷£ֻǲƣŮĸף
    иŮӹڸղšҶϣ˵ǸŮӣò̬ºͣǰɽׯǲǣοԳɣ
    ϣ۾һ˿ɻĹãȻ˵ɽׯ֮࣬ѶһЩЩϵˣԼҪСЩ
    Ҷ˵ͷ˵Ǹˣò̸¶˾ġϤĺܣӦòˣԺԼõ
    ϣûп
    Ҷ˿ڲˣģˬڡִʱһϲŮӣǺ޵ɫʳ
    ˡѩ˽һҶЩԥ˵ոնŹ˹ȥ
    ɡҶ¿еķѩ΢Ц˵תһ¶ŹׯС÷ı磬ҶķһûŵĹң˼ҷȥƣǴͳĵ˵أᱡֻ˵ĵҲһ˶Źǲס
    ѩͷǿסЦŬصĵ˵ͷ͵͵۾һϣƼϣŬÿеķǺţ鿴ЩŹŹֵֹġ
    ѩȥϣ̵˵ôҲģ
    ҶһЦ˵ЩӦҴģ˵Щǣݹš
    ʱ䣬һӰ࣬ûµϣȥҶҲֵ徲ԹѩͽС֮ңڵĹʱ⡣
    ٺӵıϣҶѩ˵ȥЩ͹ҪЩ࣬ǵζһǼʵġ
    ϣźԶԶվſţַ˲֪ʱ˹ŲԶϷˣͻȻ˵ѾͷԭĴ˰Լ״ֻѾɣҪ˵ΪȢ
    ϣû˵ֻǾĿںӱģҶ
    ܹȰ÷ܹòϷƢһĵַ˵÷ū˵ҶһЩԻ漰мҺľ¡
    ϣ˵ͷǰ˵ҸģȻʱȢǿǵݣȻҵˣͲܷ¶ܹù粻ôڣЩ֪Ҳ޷ϾҲˡ
    ַ˵˵ͷ˵ҲЩֻƾβ²ֻҲ뵽ࡣ
    ϣͻȻת˵ԭׯˡԭţҺ񻹼ҶʱҲɽׯĳطӦñǰ˲٣ṦϣЩ꣬ȷʵǰϰˡ
    ַ΢΢һ㶣̾˿˵ҪģҪģʱûҵʬ壬;пܻ䡣ʱҲԣôصҩԹңҲ
    Ȿᣬο㵱ʱҲǵѣһҲǷʲôֻǡϣ΢΢üͷ̾˿Щ˵˵֪࣬ܲˡ
    ַͷ΢΢̾˿˵ǵʱ̫ԺһɱǹнյǣҺ
    ôܹȫԹءϣ˵ֵֻ֪˷ΪȨƣֵøӴİ·ʱҲమİ£ô֪㡣
    ַȻ£ͷ
    ϣļźӱߵҶȻЩΪûз磬Իûоرĺ䣬Ҷżɫ磬޵Ļ˾˵ůס
    ҶүǷѾ֪ݣַʣ˵ǳ谮Ůôô׵˻£ǾЩɡ²⵽ʲô
    пϵıȻǵѽ˻ɣӦ˻¡ϣ͵͵˵ʶѽҲ֪͢ѽȴֻһˡҵݣֻǻɣûȷǺˡ
    ַ˿ϣʮʱ䣬Ѿһʮӣô飬Ѿ졣ģðοΣܹһһƬأǲʱС
    úӱߴҶ𾻵Цĵĺܣ̧ͷȥһ㱻Ҷ˳ڰз˸ͷҶĵ˵ҵǲôһ㣬԰һʵˡǺǣѩĪˣɣùȥ
    Ůӣȥ׮飬ǷЩ̣
    ַ˺ϣ˴˿һۣʳͬһ⣬ȴûи𰸣ѡԭΪǸƻΪھȻ˲֮⣿



43

        ϣʼ꣬õ಻
    ϣҶԼķУţȴ֪˵Щʲôźáڿмεζ
    ϣȻ֪ҪοʼǵԹŮˣҶȻջЩ죬ԼҲԼЩ֡
    ЩþơҶ΢΢һЦ˵ﰾǳòˣȾ죬Σ
    áϣ˵ͷҲ顣
    նѾˡҶ˵˷ŸҸף˵Щķ羰ҵĽ
    ѩ˵ϣ΢΢һЦԸūȥ׼˵Щز˼ң˴ζ
    ܿ죬ʳͱƱƱŵõľ㣬֪Ҥضĺþơ
    Ҷȶ΢Ц˵ȾԼһȣټôһˣΪҵľֵúúúһ
    νϣȤʡ
    ڰϣɲԼѽҶ̾˿˵ֻ׸ΪΪ㣬㻶ұ
    ϣ̲סЦ˳˵˿ֵҺúõĺһȸΪ˵ţһں±оơ
    ҶҲ΢΢һЦ˰뱭Ц˵ԹŮӿɶ죬ҾͰ뱭Ϊɡٸĵϡ׻˵³˫ڶ𣬾;ɡ
    ң˵ϣžƱҶ΢Цʡ
    ûУʵУǹ㣡Ҷһı飬˵һ㿪ЦģҲûУֻй㣬ſɵҶӿɹ
    ϣҲ̲סЦãΪһ仰ҲҪһݣȾơ˵ţһ£
    ԽԽü䣬Ҷ⣬ͷļįھȾŨأҲŲ¡ԽǼįԽֻȵʶ񣬱
    ϣҲ˼ľ⣬ȴȻֱҶ˯ȥȻںȾƣȵðƽ͡
    ѩҶϴϢҶȻˣȻֻ֣ǰѩϴʰһУٻͷȴϣӰֻһһ
    һֱµʱֹ֣סҶԺѹһ첲Աһˣŵһ㶣ѹĿԼ˯ϣȻ󻣵ԼŵԼ
    żɫ˿£Ȼ롣
    ҹӦûʲô鷢ҹʲô鷢أǺ˾ƣˣ֮أһҲ벻
    ϣҲ˹ҶŵģЦЦ˵ôʲôأ
    ҶŵҡҡͷЩɵЦЦЩӸסԼӣɫת۾ſ˵ڵĻǽԼĽţأ
    ййһ£ׯٷ˻ûϴءѩߵģڵˣǣˣҪǡ
    Ҷһü´һһĳ˸ᣬ££˿Һ˯ðȣûҵģӦùȥ˿ѾӴϣ£棬˵ɣôɽׯĿˡ
    ѩӦȻš
    ˽ҶǰҶƺǸո˴ģɵĴϣȴһϣԣĲ޵ĺɫĵüϸ塣泯죬ü续ۺˮݰף΢¶ɬȾ˫Դ֮ɫĶˡ
    Ҷһ൱˵Ůӡ
    ƽȴ纣ˮڵסǵ˸档
    ţһʱ˹ȥҪ˵ЩʲôźãֻǾվţȴһ顣˼ҸͲĳ֣ƽĿ׵ĸǸˣҳز˴㣬ңֻȤ
    йʱ⣬ʲô£Ҷ΢ЦţòʣԸѩ衣
    ǰԼҶʲôأЩĿǰҶϣĲ֪ԼҪʲôġ
    ϣȥҹҡͻȻֱӵ˵
    йϣֻǽϵѣҲǰΣֻ˵ڣѾҵķȻǶۣҲˣƺЩĪЦҶмŭ֮⣬ӲŲȥϣ
    쳤ϣγƺҵɡǿӲĻش
    Ҷͷϣʣνͣ
    ȥҹйϣüͷ΢壬۾ȫ涾ұƳÿһʱɣѾһΡϰٶŵĽҩ޷
    Ҷٿ΢Ц˵йĽͿɷ꾡㵱Ĵл⣬Լ˵ıݣŻпĵһˣȻǲ׹أЩӦҲõģαˡ
    û˵



44

        Ҷ˵ймжϣݶȻỹɵðûаɽׯţֻҲ룬ﳼ֮Ůݣжд̣ȥ֮ҪʱʱüϣͰرݣ˴˵֪ѣ˲ϰݣǵֻֻѡȥ
    Ƣĸµˡѿڶһڣڵأ⻰ǿԶҶġ
    Ҷһûлͷȥϣ˵˵ҵһҪ˱ض㣡
    ϣĮȻĿЩ£ǲܸ߰ͷŮˣѹַ˵ʱˣֻһʱգ̾ľ档ѹ˵ԹźΪˮҲмֵ
    㡣ֻ㻹ûдǣѾ˰ٶŵĶҩ֮¡޺޵˵ȥϣĿ⣬Ҷ뵽һҹۣ׽ĶС
    ߡҶ΢΢һЦ˵֪ٶŵǺֿ֪Ҷ˵Ĺϵ𣿡
    һ㶣ʶ˵֪
    ҶһЦ˵Ҷ˿ڣֻǰٶҲֻܴӦͬϣǷһ㣬ǰٶŵҲǷҶһ顣
    תͷϣ
    ϣޱ飬Ҳ˼⣬Ǻ飬ٶŵʲôҶкϵ
    ٶŵǷҶһַͻȻ澲˵һҲ֪⣬ԹҶɵ֮ǰٶŵжҩҲ˲ֺҲŵ֪ѵһͨҶκβأ˰ɽׯ
    ϣЩȻĿҶգʲôʱˣǵ㣬ڴ˼м䣬ҹΪԼûпٶŵſ϶Ǹǰɽׯׯ÷
    ĸסϣ̲סַˣһ
    ַҡҡͷϣε˵ҲǽŸո֪ѾҶǸײβˣҶǲ֪¡ֻǣһҵ֪Ҫΰǵļƻ
    ҶҶһƽκεĵ뽾ƺԭֻһСС飬Ҳ㲻ϡǣҶ԰ٶоֻ֮ϣҲҪ
    ʲô֮ԶԸ˰ٶŵĸֶҩأ
    й߰ɡַ˿Цһ˵ֻҶѣֻǸŮӣҶүıŮõϵĺݣȴŸѲݣǰٶŵŮҼˣ˹أҲҪһٶŵġģαŻ
    ɰٶҲϣԸ˵
    ˣϣ˵ˣйӴ˺֮߰ڣģ
    ĿϣðŷӦܿˡ
    ϣַЩĿϣЩ֮˵˶ǶԲסļˡϾļ㡪жαΪ
    Ҽǵõʱ֮£ǶεҶȴᣬѾһҲǻ˵ʱһ˭ϵȻ˾壬˺ģʹһʱֻǻʹһϣ˵ҵķִ磬صġ
    Ҳԭ¡ַЩд˵ƺԼľ¡
    ߣϣ˵㲻ǲ֪ðСĹŵӣСǰٶӡóʹϸü룬ոöϸü룬һƿҶѱ
    ˵䣬һ辰ӦѳƬ˸Щľϸü룬˼ӦϸһüëСС״Ȼһ˶辰ѳƬ֪
    ҶҲһղſһҲû֣ϸЩӦÿԷֵģʵǽ̫٣һϸɱ˵ĸѽ
    ȻǵС洫ļλʦҲѷɫַ
    ҲСĺݶ֮ġСʱ˲˹ϣ̾˿ʱǸɰСδĿԼ˳µĲ״ԶѧջЩġ˵Ҷɽׯ⣬ǼƻǷôһӦԡһһҶˡʶŮӸ˲ģ
    ַЩȻҲЩĬĿϣһοΪһŮˣϣŭ
    Сʧ󣬲ΪŮɫ˹Ҵ£ϣҶ޹ԺЩҲˣĪҪʱ̵ţ㣬ϾиҪַ˳ѡ
    ֪ˡϣ˵ȥɣˣҲЩˣЩȤ



45

        ȵ˶뿪ˣϣѩ˵ȥ׼緹Ժûҵͬ⣬κ˲̤С벽
    ѩ˵ͷ˳ȥⳤ˿ôˣһμ˵Į顣˵ǰϷֻһǶ飬Ҷϧ֮ģϡ
    Ҫˡϣº͵ĿҶ˵
    ҶһЦ˵ʵɺϣʱĸ׻ҵʱ򣬸游ȥʤ̵Ľʿȥ·ĸͻȻøʹͣϢһ˵ˣ׼òòǻˣʹȥ˱ӪΪˣصҶҶ˰֮áʱ֪Ϊҵʱĸ׸вʵǵĸײòϢΪǸˣҪδΪӻŮĸ׼ģҲʹӦˡʵ֮ǰһֱ֪ǰٶŵţ֪ˣֻǲҼɽׯ׮ˡҲںӱߵʱһɫΣ˵֮ɰٶ֪֡ǰٶŵţôһǵһμδ常ˡ
    ϣ΢΢һЦ˵˵Ҷү۰ŮôƯ󣬳оգȻ֡
    ҶһЦ˵ͷٵ˵ѽҪңң˵ͻԿͷġ
    ϣһЦ˵õģһУ
    ϣ㵽ǸʲôأҶͻȻʣйĻ񲻽ǰɽׯׯ򵥵ӴǰɽׯׯֵҲƲһĸµѽ˻ϡ
    ΪûأϣһЦ
    ǸЩųˣҲ㲻Ǹˣֻι֮㲻Ǹλ󳼸ţǰȡʱ˶µͷֻһܣ˵ĺˣǽǰɽׯׯ
    ϣһЦ˵Сˣҳȥߣ⣬Щ˵
    Ҷˬĵͷ
    ãȥЩʵ·ĩǺ䣬ʡϣº͵˵
    Ҷһˮ·ϲڣ¶Щģ￴ȴůṳ̊ʵųİɫëһİţ˿˳й㣬񾲡
    ûг緹ǳɡ߽У棬Ҷüа
    Թźս֪٣ϣҶʣָǳϼص⡣
    ֪ĲࡣҶʵ˵ż˵źսĻϺͲһҲ˻ϵһ֮һսȻʤⳡսۣȴӴʧ˵Ǳɱս֮ϡʱнΪսܶҲЩɡ
    ϣ˵ͷ˵ãûаЩóӦҡ
    ܿܣҶҲ˵ȨƵˣȻ˵Լֵĺû˵ǶԭǼõһѣֻΪȨƷĿɳǿϧĺܡ
    ԭȷʵһ֮ȷʵĿɳ𣬲ΪȨƣҲԭ򡣡ϣ꣬겻Ǻܴµüǰ飬Ҳа飬ȨƣҲɫǴϡƽ
    ˵ϵĸ֮ĻϺûʲôϵ׻˵ҲĻӱȽºͣȻʣȻװݡҶСĵıܿϵĻˮմʪȹߣ·ϺǸɾֻˮûۺۡ
    ϣһ˵ºͣͲнһҵıɱΪнˣʵǳսۣȻ˴ȫʤҲɥʧıʿԪˣңʱ˲ٱ֮ģϾϻǿԵģײͬȴû뵽ǡˣǵȨƣͲƽĿ̰Ȩƣǻġ
    ͬǸˡҶ˵
    Ǿءϣƽ˵һͬˣһϧˡ֪뵱ϵĸ׵ľ£ã𲻱Ǿӣ
    Ҷû˵˵Ȼʵ£ϸۣվЩ
    ʲôأϣʡ
    룬վǺˣҶĻش߽һͤʯ£ʯϵЩ⣬΢
    ϣͤ⣬Ĭһᣬ˵Ǻˣ⵽ǸȤ⡣Ϊʣ
    ˵˵˵Ĺ°ɡҶûлش⣬ת˻⣬˵ˣ˵Ȼʵ£ϸۣվЩἰˣм֮⡣Ǻ棬˿ʷϳΪǧˣѡ޺ӣĿоȻǸ׷֮ˡǰɽׯٶţ񱱹ǻ̸ɫ֮



46

        ϣҲ£ΧһƬտûֻݣ֮䲻κˡУϸԣȻճȺҲƬ԰
    ѡϣĵЩ£Ҷ֪кβףϣκκһ֡
    ֪˵𣿡ϣҶʡ
    Ҷ˵ͷ˵ʷмأ˾ȫ£һմգգϱն֮Ҳ˸ᣬᣬ֮֡
    ˾󡣡ϣҶ۾ﾹȻʹ֮ɫƺǱߣҲƺǻϺͻϵĸһһҪɱˡ
    Ҷûпϣ˵ȥ
    ǿҲڻϵĸףʮĺѣСһ𳤴һϰ䣬ͬһŮˡϣĮȻ˵ҲΪ̫Ϥˣ˺Ҳ׵ס
    ⣬˵Ҷ̿ϣı飬һ޷ı˽ȥʷ˵˾޺ӣȴ˵˵ʵʵȻдȣӦ˵޺ӡ˵ŮһŮӣԭһλĹֻƣ䣬˾ȣ˾ΪޣȻʲκιϵֻȻҲŮӣ˻Ϻ󣬲˵
    㸸׵ȤȻ˵˻ϣһЦº͵˵һҲû䡣һЩѵԭֻʱѾɽ
    Ҷ˵ͷ˵֮У֮£иһҪֳŵ
    λ֮ҲԴڴˡϣ˵ǰĻһֱ׷ɱλʱֻΪ˾λ׷ǵԽԽ࣬Ҳͳջ˵ʱĻϣȻֵܶ˵Ȩ֮
    ҲǸǰʵֵ̫̣߲ƽ˾ǿ˻ᣬɱ˻ϣ˴ȨҶ˵ֻǰٶźͰɽׯҲǿжȨԱ֮𣬶Ǿѡеѡ
    ϣƺ˵ʲô˼һ£˻ȥֻ˵ٶźͰɽׯ˾Ĳ£㸸׵ʱȵˣҲǰٶŵţ˾ʦ壬ɽׯׯĸףԭ˾ľʱ£֡
    Ҷжһ£ϣͻȻʣ˾кιϵֵΪԼƽͶ˷ҵĸУ
    ҸׯȻҲҪ˾𣿡ϣ΢Ц˵
    Ҷ˵ͷ˵Ҷˡ
    ڻңϣ΢Цżʡ
    ǵģһݡҶϣ˵ҵĸоû˵˼򵥣ǣ˵Ķԣҵֱң㣬㡣
    ϣ۾һ˵˵
    Ҷϣ˼˰죬˵һ㲢ׯĺˣ˾ĺˡס
    ãϣ˵ͷϣƽ͵˵ȷʵǸѩŮӡңȷʵׯĶӣ˾Сӣҽ˾ϣֻǣβµģ
    ҶˣֻһׯʦĶӣʦׯĶܵȥˣʵֻЩɣûľΪǰ˾ĺˣ˾Ķӡ
    Ƕ£ȷʵȻĻѡ
    ǣׯĶȥˣ
    ϣȷеĽ˾ϣ˵ϣԭׯ÷º󲻾þˣļʱѾΪ첻㣬ʮꡣ
    ɣɣڵַ˲ǰٶŵΪξȲأҶĿϣ
    һᣬʱϲׯĲַˣַ˵ãҲĸףŷˣҲĪ¡ʱѼΪޣȴׯһ飬ׯܾ󣬾ȻׯĲˮ˷ƴҩҩ룬ҩ÷ˣǳǷǣׯĸɽׯ÷£ҶΪˣŲãϣΪĲĪµĽĪΪڴ£Ϊ˱ң޸ׯͬʱ滻ѾȥϣׯҸ׵ľɲ£ȻӦʣԣҾı˱ʵׯȻ÷λãգŮӾ÷ĪȻǷԲΨһĵľҲϣǲǿù÷Ͼĸͬģʱһվֵᷢġ˾ϣ̾˿̵˵
    ΪĪҪó棿ҶʣׯαΣׯׯҲһƴİɣȻҲЩ˾кιϵ
    ԭǰٶźŮĸ˽ãĸһֱͬ׽ð㣬ǿϲҵĸףȴϲǿźսУΪһʱʧ󣬵˸ĸ׵һֱھΣе𱣻ҵΡʵʱֻǱǿãǿԭͨĸףȴĸȴ׷游׶ȥ޶ϵ˾ϣ˵չʮ꣬Ҳимġ



47

         Ҷ˵ͷаֻ̾ʦǿʮ˼ĥȻһᣡ
    ΪѡңʲôãҶɻʡ
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48

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49

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50

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51

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52

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    ʧЦ˵⻰νźãֻ˵ո˵˭˭̡
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    ҡҡͷ΢΢һЦû˵
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    Ө⻱ֹһңɺͳ棬뿪
    һӦ˵˵Ө뿪һ޿κΣӦŮӵĸ硣
    ӨԸ뿪ſڣͻȻѸ֣˻ܵ˾ϣǰ˵ׯķǳĳ㣬Ҳϲ㡣
    ˾ϣ΢΢һЦм⣬ûбֳֻǵ˵ͷº͵˵ϣллСĺ񰮡
    ⻱һεĿԼŮ֪˵ʲôźá
    һ߰ĿţϿʲô顣
    Ȼһ֮ӨʲôǷŭ⻱һ㶣뿪ʣߵ棬ԼŮذɽׯɽڵһλٽ
    ƾʲôܵҸץˣӨ˵˵¾Ϳ۸Ҹ𣿣
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    ƾ㣬ɱϣǲ֪ߵغ񡣡ӨмһЦ̫߿Լˣֻ¶һаʽ
    㣡ϹҲסˣŭ˵ǣǾȻҰŰɽׯ˵Ƿˣ
    ʲôǰɽׯ˵Ǽӵòѹ򣡡Ө˵֪һ£Ǻ޲һͷײˡ㲻úõľӪܵҸ׵ľӪפʲôҲѽ
    㣡㣡㣡˵
    ץȥ빦αغһŮ˾ϣ˵ǰ٣˵ֻǣҪץңվ⣬ߡ
    żҲ໰һ¡
    Сģѿں
    ⻱üͷ壬ŭ˵ˣ㵨ӿǲС
    ˾ϣ̧ͷԼʮңŹΧͰһ㣬ϣһ£һͬɿռ֡
    ˾ϣüͷһ壬һ߼ıʶ罣էۣľ
    罣⻱Ằѽϵģѽй棬ʱ龰ˡ
    ˹˾ϵ
    Сģͷ֣缴šһԳѡ
    ˾ϣнһХ֮紦ļ׷¡ڵϵļðŻ磬ǴĿ
    ţ׼ͣҵҪһЩ˵˵˷Ըȡ׼ӲֻȡһУʱԽ̵¡



53

        ˣСˣӨŽȥһˡ
    Ȼ죬ǱӨĽѣųһ亹ҰѾͷЩ书⽫ѵѵӵŮȻΪһ͢ﷸ͢ĹԱǲˡһȥҪһ
    ˣϣֺֻǲϳȥ⽫ҶүͻҪҶүŮҶүֻǵʱ򣬺δҲ˵˵ңϿʥּơгսǱɵң
    һ㶣ŤͷǰλӣǺˣ
    ס֣͸һ˵ϣ⡣
    һбӨ˵ΪҪģҵɱ˰ɽׯˣҹһȥҲŹ
    ʿűʿΧм˾ϣȻɫƽԵЩרע˷£һӦŽΧסԼһʱ֮ڲ缴ţӦ
    ӰһӨֻһգеĽ֪ʱܵ˷ʵУҲ֪۽ˣǽƺǳ۾бƵæңУ˾;òһеĽѹ
    ס֣
    ˲һû˽Ӳڵأж˵סס֣
    ľʿûӨһԿż̴ס֣Ȼ˾Ҫ군ˣ
    ľʿ˼ûȻ䣬Ϊһʱ룬˾ϣ̵˿գһһԾļ׷أԾȦ⣬Ĵļһ𣬷ž˲Ľơ
    л˾ϣδԳʲôǱ̬֮ſ˵ķʵл̬Ȼѡ
    ҡҡͷС£ҳݡеĽһݡ
    ֻòһۣ̾ˣˡ˫һ˵ϡ
    üͷ壬˿еĽЩɻĶԵڵϵ˵Ҳδɱ㣬սôģ
    ˾ϣƺЩɻ󣬿˿ʣȴû˵ʲô
    һԵӨЦ˵ȻûɱֻɱһΣһʱѲˡĽʵǾҾȻһҲûǸոյһУ߽һӷ϶в˵ĵ֮Уǳϣʵǡ˵أŮУǼΪƮݣһͷãʵǿϧĺܣΣ
    ΢΢һЦݻظе˵С㱾ŲգѧһаʽŸҺڰɡ⽫ֻҪʰ
    ⻱˵ͷõģû뵽ͷԴҲǳڵģУ¾ȻҲȻСŮԣĵһУǾƼ򵥣ȴǡ֡
    佱ˡЦЦ˿˾ϣׯ׼һҪЩ˼һԲҿ⽫ɽׯΪУΪ͢ԱֲòΪӦȫ֮ߣƹǷǡ
    ˾ϣ˵ͷ˵Ҫ̻ɽׯΧסɽׯ̫̫ӣȥ˽ϵѣһս¶⣬⽫ܹãǲɣҲֻ̬չȥʱ޷
    ⻱ͻȻ˵֪ׯ뿪ǰɷ˵仰
    ˾ϣ˿⻱ʣ£
    Ҫʼׯղýйص⡣⻱˵ׯϵһʱʱ䣬ׯ˽ϼ䡣ɷ񣿡
    ˿⻱˾ϣ˵ͷŵȻתͷԷ˵ո˵ҶүлҪתҶҺ⽫˵ϼ仰ʹȥɽׯҶԺһᡣ
    ʵ˵ͷ
    ˾ϣ⻱ʣ⻱̧ʾ˶뿪˾ϣ£һ²˵ֹӣ˾ʲôϵɷ£
    ˾ϣ΢΢һЦ˵⽫ӦòǸˣΪͻȻ뵽⣿
    õĽĳǿĻӦ罣ɣ⻱˵ѽǰʱӡΪ̣֪ε䰮˾ʦͽϵʲôĹϵѽУϵͬš
    ˾ϣı飬뷨
    ˡ⻱²⣬ֹӦ˾İͽ⻱˾ϣ罣УҲܻĽС㱾ǰɽׯׯӦԵΪƫƫԽΪΨһĽ;ǣʦ˾󡣡
    



54

        ǵһ˵ý˵ĳйԱ˾ϣ˵ѽȷʵ˾ľ˽⡣
    ⻱˵ͷɫЩص˵ƣΪĽûмƽȴ罣ǿţǷ˼꣬˾һ˵ڣһѽõѪڡ֣ǡϧδƽݣֻ˵ͬһͬһͬһศɣǺ϶Ϊһ˵޵У
    ˾ϣһЦ˵ֻţδü˫赣ֻлᡣ
    ֮ǰһϯ˵ĳп̾ѡ⻱˵˾Ȼһ֮ԵԴˣȴΪ壬꣬ĴգҲͲᡪĪᣬɽׯôѾ򣬶Ǳ񣬻һֱΪĲΪҶźŪ¶ˣʵ⡣
    ˾ϣһЦ˵ҶȷʵǸŮӣԽͿԲ²⵽ɽׯ˾ǰĹϵϣоĽҲ޷ɽׯǱ񣬵˾ǰ׷ߣԴΪ޷ֻǻľѡңҶҲֻǰѻɸ֮丸û˽ż֮ϣд¶ˡ
    ⻱ЦЦ˵ԹӢѹ˹ءֹȷʵǶϧ֮ġҼҶＸ棬ȷʵǸѩŮӣȣԭóȥҶ׵ġ
    ˾ϣһЦδ
    ˱⻱˵ҲȰҲض£Ǽ˽ϵˣĿǰϵֻŪƾУռöٵıˡ磬Ҿˮˮĺá
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    ⻱һ㶡
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    ˾ϣ΢΢һЦ̸ϵǸȥڵߴ㣬ǴССĸ¥˶ģ٣衣
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    ƺԼҪصϣҵƺͻȻʹһ㣬ֵҪɣͣϵʲôҹͳͳԺ
    Ҷ˾ϣѣۣ΢Цʡ
    ˡ˾ϣҶ뻳˵ô˯̫æˣչ㣬һڵϹÿɺã
    Ҷ΢΢ЦЦ˾ϣӣ˵ãɿķ羰٣ˣϲˣůôÿ顣鴦
    ûˡ˾ϣ۽һٴΰҶ뻳УƺֻžİЩ



55

        Ҷһ죬ŤŤӣ΢Ц˵ϵ˿Ϊ㣿ǲ˽ҵż֪ˣͲҪ໳ȫͬˡ
    ʲô໳磡˾ϣ˵˵Ϊ˴̶ƺ˾ϣޣθɡ
    Ҷһü̲סЦ˵ѽ֣һ˳ȥʲô˵˲ϿݡСʶ໳硪
    ˾ϣסҶ죬Ե˵˵ǲٲκˣҡ
    ͲҶֻӦŵȴ룬νй£˾ϣ˶ӣ˵źúõĽܲ
    ðɡ˾ϣӣ΢Ц˵м£ʱ㸸׸еһλĻӷŸ㡣ʲôʡ
    Ҷ˾ϣ΢üͷ˵ʣûӡ󡣸Ÿңһˣ
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    Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵׸һ˵ƺ㲻£ϸ룬ûз˶˵
    ˾ϣŴϸ꣬һ˵⻱״ɽׯٱΧͰ״ֻһʱĻɢȥɽׯҪһʱŻᰲǻȥɣ㶨Ƕˣóˣһ뿪ҹ
    Ҷ˵ͷʵ˵ĶˣûкúõĳԵ㶫
    ˾ϣһЦҶ˵ѾͷԶٺõģֲһ˶Ĵ󡣡
    Ҷֵ˾ϣУվ˵ͷ˵ðɣ͸ᣬ˵С
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    ˾ϣüͷһ壬˵Ҳǣʲôʱѧû᲻ԶΪСȥȥ
    Ҷ˿ãӵùҹ
    ˾ϣ뿪Ҷһ˳һЩȷʵЩˣԺúõĳԵ㶫ϴϢ˾ϣ书в˿κ
    ҵĽŲ˸ոҪ˯ŵҶæҶӣλƵԼüӰ
    ѩҶỽһ˯µľѩʱӦڸ
    ûӦ
    Ҷ΢üͷӴůů磬ţ涼ЩɽׯˣƺǸոմ˾ϣҲСź˾ϣŭ
    βſϰ
    䲻ΪޣҿΪǿ˵ȢҶźʵĻǹϵܣȴϣ
    죡˾ϣǿѹŭѹ˵˭˻ƵĻ
    ˵׿ڸҵģ˵ԭȢҶԭǷ޵ݣһ죬ҶλԲ
    Ҷź΢΢һ㶣֪ԼǸӣû뵽ǸҪעӡ
    ԼѩֹλСЩٷڷЪϢôֺģֻǻᳳ
    ĶԻˣͻȻڻһ̸۵ˣԲ˵ˡѩŵڵδԼüҶڴϣϢƽȣڳ˯Уг˿Һûг
    ŮӣȻֵˡò״⻱Ƕ˻Ȼ
    ˣʲô֣ǲ½ϵЦεӦׯĪµģ΢΢Щŭ֮⣬ΪҶǸƽŮӣûнеԾѹ˵
    ѩ˾ϣѩԷ˳ʡ
    ã˯šѩ˵һСЩȥ˵ȥôֻ࣬ǻᾪŵ
    ŲһȥˡҶڰɫۣһ˵ƣ˵ס



56

        ʱ˾ϣŻѾϨ𣬰ӰпҶģֻһĲԵӰƽȵϢֻԼһְ˵ĸоڿš
    峿ĳȾ˴Ҷ𴲣һû˯ãЩľ뵡ۣת˯ߵ˾ϣ΢΢һ£Ǻʱģ
    ˡ˾ϣ΢ЦǵģŶ
    Ҷһ£΢΢Щ⣬΢Ц˵㵽ǾѣҸո׼𴲾㡣йɺã
    ˾ϣ˵ͷ˵⻱һˣȥ˼䣬֣ӨӨ⻱ŮҲһգ£˶֣һǸȥʱ⻱ѽ˸Ȱ⡣û¡
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    ˾ϣ˵ͷ̾˵ȻǴܵ⻱ҲǸˣ˱ֻǲ֪ԼѾŸ㸸ףڻǰһ¡
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    ʲô˾ϣ΢Цʡ
    ҶĿ˾ϣ˵ҵĴ
    ˾ϣü˵ЩǼƻûг֮ǰˣһᾡܵĲ˺֣ԭȷʵҪݿǸ׵ĽӽĻϣֱӴڣҼȻȢΪޣȻ㵣ַգӵ˺ҶүϾҲĸ׸ǰһλ
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    ˾ϣҶҶ֮ı飬üǳǳ˼ǣȻ̲ס΢΢һЦСѾͷı鶼˵ĿɰڣٲҲǿֵġ
    ڶţҶҪ⻱ҪԻ
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57

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    ҶĿʣɷһΪ׮ҶҲмʮĽ飬ΪҪʣҸģҶ޵ӣԶţױģ񱻳йٱΧڰɽׯΪ׮
    ⡪ЩȻ֪Ҫ˵ʲôźã
    ԭӦҶҵӣҿҪλȥҶ˵Ҿ˻ϣĵױǻϸǰسôͿŮ޸볯͢͵ˣɽׯڽҲһʱһ̣ôƫƫҶ˽ǵûɱΧɽׯҸױǳձȨĹԱûǺ˴󵨵ǲ󽫾չӸĽͣ
    ⻱һ㶣˵⣬⣬Ǻδˡ
    δˣҶһЦ󽫾㱾ҸµһλûҸ׵ͿԷ±߽ս²Ųʣܵһϵɽׯǲѳĺˣνͣһ佫ӵķԸҲ޲ɣֻǣҸںδûϺ͹ҰΣںδ
    ǣѾʥּѿڶ
    Ϊγ˴㣿Ҷѽû˶²ţЩǷǡ
    в˵ôǿɣйأ븸ϸ֮Щ˵ò˵Լ˽ż£޲ôʱиضȥҪٳ
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    ⣬⻱Щɵ˵ϣҲֻǡ
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    ΪҪ޸أӨʣһ͢سǧС㣬һӣزʶδѵͽƾһ֮ԵͿϼ𣿡
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    Ө΢һüͷ˵סңԲϼޣ
    ҶһЦЩºαŪûһɻ
    



58

         ͻȻţһʱ֮䣬֪˵Щʲôźá
    Ҷַ˾ϣУ΢΢Щ⣬Ľ޷εĲڽյСʮ꾭ʵ⣬ʵţ֪һҪӦǴˣҪ԰ɽׯˣ
    ôˣ˾ϣº͵ʡ
    Ҷҡҡͷ΢ü˵˾ϣ˵ʵҶֲԤ֪ĺܺ£ԸƽһκβáƽԶᱻעˣҵ롣
    ˾ϣ΢΢һ㶣һʱ֮䲻֪˵ЩʲôźãֻǽҶ֣ȴ֪ΰοŮеĻ̿֡
    ƻеӣһ˶Ŵٲ飬ǿ£Ҫá
    ⻱ʱƺ󵽻ϵּ⵽ȵϵּҪһЩʱ䣬˾ϣҶ뿪ȵϵּ˵һֻǻϵĿͣҪʥּźá
    һ·ϣҶĬЩ㱣֪Щʲôϣ῿˾ϣϣȴ˾ϣоĴڣʵľԼǰȴңԶ޷˾ϣӿһݱ
    ҶƺԶԼ
    ׯ԰ĴţׯĪӭ˾ϣҶĪ˳ץ˾ϣĸ첲ĵʣϣ磬û°ɣôԵȥأˡ
    ˾ϣʶĿһߵҶҶıƽĺܣƺʲôҲûԶ΢Ц˵û£Һܺã㲻ҪġСû°ɣôһֱڷ
    Ҷ˵£ֻϻʲôķӦҪδĿǰ顣
    ȥɣΣ޷˾ϣҶ֣˵㲻̫⣬ֻҪúõľͺá
    ̫ˣ£ľ棿һѾŮӾȻһİŸˣϣελã˵㻹һλǧС㣬ҿҲˡ
    ҶƤҲû̧һ¡
    Ī𣬡Ҫ¡
    ҶȻûκεķӦֻǰվš
    㣬̫ˣû˵ɽׯľɲһʱɵ𣿡ĪҲһԲ˵Ū棬һǨǾ𡣡
    ҲҪ˵ˡׯ΢˵𣬲ǻΧɽׯֳͻģǰһЩʱαذζҶϣֲҶһһҪ޵ǰɽׯɲвʣвɡ
    ҶͷҲ̧۾еʪ⣬ǿĲ£˵ãȻֻſһ㵽û˵ĵطúõĶ˵Լ⻱Ľ滹ռϷģΪΣĵȻ˵أ
    СˣҴȥϢʲô֪ͨҡ˾ϣҶƣ˵ûʲô飬ҲȥϢһ°ɣҪ͢ΪŪĲ
    ׯ˵ͷ˵ɢ˰ɡ
    ˾ϣҶضӵСҶصڣڴϱ۾װ˯ֻ˯߿ӿ˵ĹĺͲɡǰԼ˺ʱ򣬾ͺ޲ôӴ˯ȥһѡ
    С䣿˾ϣڴرϣº͵ʡ
    Ҷ۾Ĵӿ˵˾ϣⲻҪҪֻһݿ԰ĵأƽճ䣬㣬˾ĺˣңһӣǲ밮㣬ֻ޴ȥ޷ȥҶ㣬һ죬˻ϣ뽫ҶĨȥҶ԰һ˴ţһɾСԺӵһůޱɶС˵һȵĲ裬Ҷ͸мɰˣǰĶ࣬ң---ءһѾƶ
    ˾ϣ֪ҶΪͻȻ˵䣬֪˵ʲôźã˺ð˵ǲԹң
    Ҷȴ۾˵ͺ˯һ㣬ĺţ۽ȴǳǳۡ
    ĳȷʵǸ⡣˾ϣ̾˿Ҷ֣˵ȷʵǵļƻҲȷʵҪΪҸױҵ飬ԭӦ۵㣬ǼƻҪһ볯͢йأݱȽŮӣԷΪڻĻƤ½ǵļƻ㸸ǵسĸ׵ѡŮѡ㡣ҪѡҶоĴ侲Īµע⣬иȾңҲѡ㡣ȷʵǸ⣬Ǽƻе⣬Ȣʱ򣬲Ҫ㣬Ҫúõ㣬ǣû뵽Щ黹˺㣬Ƿǳѹңǲ˺㣬ֻϣʹҸ
59

        ҶЩݣҪ˵ʲôȴţѩЩεζ˵ˣׯȥһˣ˵Ҫ
    ֪ˣ͹ȥ˾ϣ΢ӦȻ˿ڴϵҶҶ֣˵ˣúЪЪɡȥɽׯ￴شһŻϵξٶȻýɰЩóԵģ㻹ûгԷء
    ҶûκεķӦ˾ϣ뿪ĽŲڻۿ̾˿˵ţ˾ϣ밮ңҲѵʱúõİң㣬վҸðģ㣬ϾһεˣҪúõȥ㣬Ҳվûʱúõȥ
    ٷˣЩɡº͵ڶϣѾˣѩҲȥˣߵʱԸչЩʲôūȥ
    Ҷ̾˿˵ֻһ˾Ĵᣬû£ɢȥɡ
    ٷˡЩỽһҶ۽ǵˮʪ
    Ҷ˵۾ⲻһᣬ뿪ԼϷŵһҵļį
    ˾ϣ߽Ī¿ԼɷһۣŬֵºͣͳ˵ϣмҪǰļƻҶӦ̤صİŶԣ̤صİ㣬ͲԸȦУΪ޺
    ˾ϣ£ޱ顣
    ڵһҲ㣬ʲôʱ˶ƸУѵľ£ѵҲҪΪһŮʧвɣĪ˵Ŀ˾ϣǵģ㣬ѾʼŲҶѾͷΪԸԭеļƻ
    ˾ϣ˵޹ҲΪҶ
    ϣĪҡҡͷ˿ׯ˶ٲ˵㲻㲻ѵôѪҪעˮΪ㣬常Щ¾ͲҪˣֻҪ㣬㲻԰˽˸ŵҹҶȷʵǸùǣΪǸùſ԰ǵļƻѾȥ˾ǣҲվͻᴫҶүϹؽεϢʱҶضҪȥԼĸףǸʱ򣬾ӽõĻᣡ
    ˾ϣûпϵıȴǳء
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    ÷˵ĿԼͽܣոĻȫǸ⣬ԼĶϣȻԼͽܷ˺õĹԲܵκε˺
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    Ҷ΢üŬ΢Ц˵ʦΪ˵ȴ˼⣬ѵʦʲô
    ÷˶٣˵ǲҪ㣬һĸףҪȥɱϡ֪ɽׯǱ֮ˣ֪Ǻǰ˾йϵҲû뵽ǻȥɱϣѡ㣡



60

        Ҷһ㶣÷аʱǷ㶵ģִʱը֮˵ԭԼ˾ϣ˵ֻһըһҪ۵Լĸĸ
    ˾ϣ˵ҪѡҶоĴ侲Īµע⣬иȾңҲѡ㡣
    ҲΪʵвʣҪƽˣǰȻĴ̼Լ˵ȴã֪ȻǱԼԼδ֪һЩΪҲԸеڣֻԼĽ
    һ룬ȻʧЦϵı鿴ϲ
    ÷˵ôҪʦ뿪ʦɽׯЦҲκεǰ֣ʦġԷǳأҲġ
    ҶͻȻ䣬Ͼֻʮ߰ͣȫãȻǰƭ˱ЦƷ񣬵˹Ŵաͳͳ֮ϣΣЦΪһֹߣǰһŮ˿ģһ˳ɾʹҵЦ
    ͷ߰ģ֪Щʲô
    ÷ỽһ
    Ҷ̧ͷʦ˵뿪ã뿪ˣ㵽ѰĵطҵĸĸҪΰãҵĽҪΰãɽׯܷŹǣ
    ÷һʱ˵ٷˣ𣿽׼һЩˣҪҪЩ
    Ҷ˵ҲԶ°ɣ飬Ȼǡ
    ƺЩԥһᣬĵ뿪
    Ҿɽׯ뿪ʱ֪ͨңֻҪһӣҾͻ㣬뿪÷˵ϣˣҵ뿪ˣǱֻ֣»鷳Щ
    Ҷ˵ͷĿǰʦ뿪
    ÷뿪һٷĹ˾ϣ͸˻ƿţһҵİҶһţ顣
    С˾ϣẰ
    Ҷ̧ͷ˿˾ϣһЦ˵ˣˣϿϢ£⼸գ˾ǿҸĸҪҰæǰ׼
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    ΪҪǶˣ˾ϣһ˵ʱԼúʲôڸʱרڷеԼδ⣬˵ʱһΧӦûʲôˡ
    ѩǸϸĵĹ˵ѩõū澣أҲʶĺͰɽׯйص˰ɣ˵ö뵽ǶһؾǡҶȻҲǵģҵһŻ״Ҫ鷳ȥûп԰æģǶˣǳʲô⣬иӦģҶҲɰҶȫġңرϾĪµˣţֻ¶ŷ˺ͶɰЩ
    ˾ϣ㶵ĿҶѵµʲô
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    ԣѡ
    ȵ˵ɡ˾ϣº͵˵в֪ǻҪѡĸĸЩӣҰǽסЩӲǸãؾǣ;Ͷ٣ǳġ
    ãϸ·ѡҶ˵
    ɴ˽Ϊ˾ϣʱ˹ţպ߹˶УҶҲѾ˴ϢЦ˽΢Ц˵ӣٷˣǲǶˣūȥΪ׼ЩóԵģ
    Ҷ˵ͷ˵ôһ˵һЩˣҪԵ㶫ˣȥ׼ɡأҪҪԵ㶫תͷ˾ϣº͵ʡ
    ˾ϣһ˵ĸоҶº͵Цݣº͵º͵ľֹȴо˿ůֻһĪľУ·Զ޷ĵطȻһ־Ϳ壬ʱ԰ڻУңԶľͺ㣬˸оκº͵¶ȡ
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61

        ϵּ⴫ʱҶĿ飬Թ˾ϣȥɽׯǱ£ѩͬȥ½չҶ
    һֱվţ͵͵Ĺ۲ҶҶİ޷֪ǰλŮӵϲǱٷˣ񲢲ˣǲסòߣǡ
    Ҷ̧ͷº͵ĿŽɣ룬֣ԼȻûһūϣǸһλǧСϣδԼֱǽȻ෴ˡҺܺã㲻صġǰʲôϢ𣿡
    аɣ˵ϵʥּˣʱֹͣ԰ɽׯΧʱϵ뿪ɽׯ˵ϻ׼ѡһλ빬Ϊɵ˵ͷ˵˵ģ˵ǸոյʱǰŵϢ⻱ɲ֮ģƣӺׯ򸾶Ѿʼͽϵ뿪ˡ
    Ҷ˵ͷе飬˵ѽáɣʰ׼վͻؾȥҵĸĸûѡλá
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    ˾ϣһͬ˳ȥ˵ʱͷһҶһӡ
    Ҷͷ˾ϣԲʺԼˣ϶һֵԼˣŸΰҵһͣС糾
    ߳Ҷķ䣬棬տ˾ϣվǣ棬ȴĮʲô£˵ɡ
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    ˵һ֣۾ˮֹҲֹסôôܰҲǸոʶҲദ˶̶̼գôܾ䱦㡣ҲǼƻеһӣôԶأ
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    С˾ϣҡҡͷ㸸˾о֮ǵʱ㸸׷ǣͲվԲԣСðգҲԡһõİ취⣬ԺҪٲ£ĳޣȻбһ죬ؼһʱʮʱ䶼ˣں⼸𣿡
    һ촽˵ʲôƺӲ˻ȥվŷ



62

        صУҶںȲ裬鵭ġ
    йûб˼ֻҪֵһЩ顣˾ϣ΢Ц˵һǿʤŮӣûʲôۣҪֱʵĻ㲻طϡ
    Ҷ˵˵ͶŹΧ֣ΪȥɣɽׯҶΪˣ˲
    ˣ˾ϣƢ˵˵˾һǷмһĶ飬û״ܽվͲվúúõġ׺һ𳤴ΪΨһˣһʱܽĴڣ㲻
    Ҷ˵˵Ҷ̫Сˡ
    ˾ϣһϣһʱ֮侹Ȼ֪˵ʲôźá
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    ˵ˣɽׯҪȥһ¡ѩ
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    ÷ͻȻ֣ҶһոЩеֻһڰ
    ʦǵ飬ҶвԤУʦ͵͵ʣʦʲô£Ϊ˽ţ
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    ÷ҡҡͷ˵ǵ˼ºͺδйأɽׯҲӦзУĻû˱Ȼ˱αٴ㸸أ
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    ÷ĵĿԼͽܣĵ˵ȥǺǵ𣿡
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    Ҷȴ΢Ц˵ʦҪллĸ룬˵Ļ˵᲻ܲ˵İϧΪҵСȻȥ£ԲΪ˰飬ֻҪԶطԶݿܵĸ顣
    ÷Լͽܣﰵ̾ϢѾͷ֪ԼѾʼںϣѾ֪ϲˣʵӷһҪ޸ϣʱ÷ʹӷпˣʵˣȻ˵ôɣͷദʮʱ䣬֪ܲ飬һŮӣǿԼϲޣǼޣضΪжһԼҲ֪ꡣ
    ؾǣضҪɽׯƻõ¼У֪ǸݾȴԭֻһǾǣѾϣԸΪκ£Ϊĳʲô
    ׼λȥǵ˼ϣǸʲôѩص˺һȥǰߵղóöƻʧܣǿɡ÷˵
    ҶһЦ˵ǶգֻǹУһǺαأŽɣҪɱϣҪģ޹ء
    нŲ÷뷿ڣҶſڣ΢Ц˽˵ٷˣ˵ɽկֵˣҪ㡣
    Ҷ˵ЩѰƥǴ˿̾ͻؾȥҸĸ˵Ƕ˺顣
    ڣһ㶣֪ͨ𣿡
    ҶһЦ˵ҪʲôȥѡƥĺĪҪѡЩԸƥǲ;ͷ羰ǿҪż·
    õģȥҪЩ·𣿡ʡ
    ˣѾʰһЩֻҪЩͳˣ;̫ϢӦòչ򡣡Ҷ˵ȥǣɡͳȥ
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63

        ÷ҪֹȴҶĻͷһۣȻת˳ȥ
    ֻ뿪ҲҪκһˣ˽ϣΪسŮݽӽϣȻɱ˻ϣһ;
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    ˴ϣϵСǶһ㶣ҶķԸ̿
    ûзӦŶˡ
    һԵһۣ˵㣬ʲô
    ûҶʣ̰ڴһҶƥһԾϣЮŷ磬һ㼱ʻȥɼæӿԼƥٶȣҴҸȥ
    ɽׯֻƥٵ˳ȥһ۵ӰӭƮȻɣһū澴ŮӽۻƵӭһ䡣
    ٷˣǲʹؾѽū澸ոտѾ׼õ·̲ǲϷԸū澵ʱѾʰѽڷʡ
    Ҷ΢΢һЦоŷ紵ĸоȻѾǶգź磬ʲô⡣ϲɵĸоȻ֪һ˿ǱɣȴĻϲ˵ĳ졣
    ˾ϣӵϢҴҸϻԼסСһˣ뿪ʱҶλãȻϣһףһֽ棬ƺǵǩõģ֣ȡԼķдţ
    塢Ƶ԰
    ΪδŽɴҴ뿪
    ʲôʱѧ
    ѩ̸̱ȥǣûб𴦿ȥһ׵£ԴҴҸϻ˾ǣǴʱ׷ϣӦøϵüڳǰȻǸŮ˾ϣԸ
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    ˾ϣĬ
    ԹһᣬѩҴҵ˻һŵ˵ˣȻѡɽׯõƥǧԣҶһµġ
    ˾ϣͻȻһԼҶʱ·ϵһʱһΣԭҲΪҶ£ȴƽ£Ԧķǳϸһ룬Ҳ֣ǳسǧĸųеıȨ֣
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    ѩ˵ͷ
    뿪˰ɽׯҶͽɶ˾ͣһֱ·ֱϵһͣŵĵط
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    ɵ˵ͷһЦ˵Ȼ⻹ΪɵģȻղѩ㣬öҲأɶҲһЩԶԸЩͨİա
    ҶһЦͶһͬ֡
    ˾ϣż׷ʱ䣬ȻûзκҶͽɵټһ·Ҳû˿˵ôˡ
    ˣɾЩˣ㽿ɲע⣬ٷǸǰ˵Ůӣôû˻ע⵽أѩǲʣǰǾˣѵҪҶҪҶͽɻûлؼҵĻǿҪҶүأ
    ˾ϣǰľǴţһôĲۣЩ˵УôԲصǰݵҶأһǧС㣬ôԵֵùọ́
    ǣǡͶݡ
    ɵȻ̫ãöҲأҲһЩӦЩƽİӦò⣬Լһ㣬ȻûעߵκˣѹֻǡǱǳɫһˣǲεĻôһûأ϶Ƕ˻װģ;۹⡣Ҳ˵Ƕʵͺһͬʱ·ʱ򣬶ǿǣȴûзǡ
    ҶȻǸŮӣԲǽɿóģһǸϿƽʵС⡱ϵҶΪ



64

        ȥҶ˾ϣȻ΢΢һЦҶͺ׽ԲأڼϷĽҿصףҶһŮӣ
    Ī²ģǻϵˣҲԸ
    ѩ˵ͷ˾ϣ룬Կó˶Ҷջ𣬶ҶͻȻߣƺĽܡ
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    δҶ͸оһֲԤף״ͿйٱţҶǰҲĺܡ
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    ֪ҶûУˣδ£
    ӣܣɣҸطסȵ㣬ڲ֪СûУҪһϾǵׯڶǳĻɡ˾ϣĶѩ˵Ը˿˸طס¡
    ոհ˾ϣûüϢеСţò˵λӣλҪǰ̸
    ˾ϣһüһסϴĵطӦûϵҲûĵĵס£ôҪӦϴ˰ȥһ·粨Ѹٵתţſܵˡ
    ߵǰ棬ٴλһˣֻӰ˾ϣһʣӦھУʶˣҶүйصˣӦþֻһˡ
    ˾ϣмֿĵĴк
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    һɻķʣʲôСɷѾңڰɽׯô𣿡
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65

         ǰķʣƽȫ³ǻۣɵĶ׼
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    ǸϻôҶŲŻ𣿡ѩʡ
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    ʲô˵ľѩʡ
66

         ȡͷͷڣ缴ŵĻĵù˹˵ĸ޹ҪҪǣʧλ˵ľֻǻϾԲպȪ¼ȣλûз𣬵лʹڵֻûУΪҶĺǹ˵þһġиأǲ۳ʲôǶ֮ڲκιٱӰӡҾҪƣǵԺǸΰĻǳǷҾղð
    δ䣬Ǽͷವһ˾ϣֻһļаԳһ˹ȻգһУͲѰ˿óġûʵۼȴһеġֻԶһɻ磬˲ҶԺһͷƯĺܡ
    üѩѿڳһ
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    ˵ʵԷʵЩĪĻɣ˵ĸо޷Ĵݡ
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67

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    Ҷ˵ǲϣҿλ죿
    ˾ϣһ㶣ѿʣô֪ģ
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    ô˵㲻֪ʵĴڣҺʹ˻൱ϤҲǲǣӰɽׯʧ󣬾һֱλţ˾ǣϵ˾ϣҶʣȴԼʹҶ˵ʵԸģ˿ϤȴңԶ޷¹졣



68

        ҶһЦ˵˵Ҳʶ㲻ţ˵ʶԼֲţαΪңʶʶҪ𣿡
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    ˾ϣ˵ͷȻЩ˵һҪ໳𣿡
    ҶֻǵһЦû˵
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    ںѩͽɿ˵ӰԻ˼ʵѩ㣬ϲٷ𣿡
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    ɵ˵ͷ˵ҲЩ֣˵ϲɣѵ˹ʱϻҶϣ˵ϲɣ䵭Ŀһⳤĸо˵ʵҶǸɫ˶ǿϺúõϧţӵĸݡ
    ѩһ۽ɣͻȻ˵һ˵ҵһʱҺ˵Ż˵˵˯ˣŪҪʵⶼûʣҶţҵһʣһ·ȥΪͻȻʧͻȻð˳ҶǸǧС㣬ôѡɽׯѱƥ
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69

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70

       ҶֻһĪ˹еĽǰݣȡʱûʲôǸ޸֮ӣҪͿԿһʱͻȻֵȴҶЩٲ˵Ѫƫƫʱ
    ҶļҪˡ
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71

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    ˾ϣûпĿŴӷ߳Ҷ
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    Īһ뿪ҶԺ䣬վ⣬ĪѾԭļƻԸȥһ
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72

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    ˾ϣ˵ǰŮӣദ˲չΪΣ˷ҵ
    ɱҸĸ׵ˣһɱҶ˵
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    ⣬ҶүŮܣȴҶˣԣҲǲ޹һỹծҲĪծҶ˵
    ˾ϣҡҡͷֲ˵Ϳɳ£㣬ǲҪԼЦ
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    ˾ϣ̾˿˵˵ҳʱûƭ㣬ǼٵģһʱʵѾĽŲ˵Ľʵ˵ģʱһŮӶҶߣͲ뵽пҶˣֻǣʱ뵽ĲпǸһСѾͷ
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73

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    ˱˵ͷ˵ǿ˼ܣҼȶɣĻȷʵǲ֪򸾶˵ʬںδ
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74

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    ĻǼٵģҶ֪ЩΡ
    ˾ϣһ߾վţĮȻƺʲô⣬Ƕ˵Ķ԰׳š
    һĸǸ˵ķϣû̫صˡ˱˵˾ϣ˵ˣαŵ꺦ͷ˵ĳˣ
    ˾ϣ˵ѾɱΣҲǵŮǵŮһҸ񣬾ͷһɣ˵󣬾ͻе飬ͬ㣬ЩǣҲա
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    ǽΰҶоҶҶɵʡ
    ҶоѾ˰ٶţҶҲζߵˣǰٶŵˣЩӦĿǰǰȫġ˾ϣƽ˵
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    ֣㵽ʲôˣ˾ϣͻȻͷ΢Цʣȴȴò



75

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    ˾ϣЦЦ˵ְɣԭߣʵ˵õȤȷʵҪ࣬˰죬ȻҲЩ⺮߶ǻ˯״̬˵⸽һбҤ֮á



76

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    ˾ϣ˵ͷҪ˵ƺᵽһɵ޵˶٣ЩϤȴǵʲôطŹ˿ûʲô֮ģڰٶŵгԶҩϤĺܣԲǶҩ
    ЩɻĿһ۷ʣ˵ܻǵע⣬ֻϤÿһߣӦòµ˳ֻ֣ýһߵߴ磬˶ѣһͻǽˡ
    ̫˽ɫ԰ףʹԼʮңģӦˡ
    ףôСߣһϸ÷żǲ̫һֱòֱë˰Ѳһ
    һЩŮԻϸϸģתЩСߴԼǲСĵģѵ⼸ձҤıЩ¶ˣЩСˣǵȥҤǱˣֻ»ᾪˡ
    ʶ˾ϣϿ˿˾ϣ΢΢һ㶣ͷͷ̫ĶԻ΢΢һЦ룬ȤһʮӣȻЩŮ̬
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    ϵ˴ʱ޴ɶ㣬Ŀ̫ԾҪߣͻȻϵˣŵһϸľС
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    Ҥ˾ϣʽָ̫ࡣ
    ʲôҤֻ˴ɨ̫֪࣬ʲôҤ̫Ŭƽ˵ǰֳڣ㶯ֻһͱɡ
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77

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    ʽŵվš
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    ԼĸףǰС
    һĿЩţһûվȣһΣʶһǰǽһƫһײϣǻһײȻ˽ȥһǿŷʣʺȻһͷײ˽ȥ
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    ˾ϣڰһͷĿū̸
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    һԾʱ򣬽Եū澶ϣһʱҲһʱĲ˽˷֡ǰխխһС·̳ɵǽÿһηһҹ飬;յɱ档
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    ǣʵĶأ
    ˾ϣĴ鿴һĲ֣ĲԼʱĸһססĲûСʱļĲ鿴һƫƧĽ䷢˷ʡ
    ˣԲѡ
    µʱһûټ˾ϣֵʱԣʱһ޷ٶȵģ׵䣬ǸղŲСײײ˹ȥ
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    ڰɽׯʱΧŰɽׯ⻱ıӪҵҶʱϾֵ˼ޡ
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    Ϊλ
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79

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    ˾ϣƽ˵ҶúõЪϢһᣬĴǷԼҵó·鷳λū澡
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    ֮޷ٺӵľ롣
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    ллҶĿƺǺģŬάű˴֮ò˭ҲͱƱ˴֮ǲ㴰ֽ
    ڸڷ任·һϵȹؾɫͬɻ˵վǣɬ·ƺ壬ˡ
    ˺ʡ˾ϣ˵ͷ΢Цţû˵ǰŮӣദʱ䲻ȻȢΪޣһеһжֻΪһĿģΪЩѾ˵ˣôѣ˵ҲһЩ
    Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ĺƯ
    㴩ϸƯ˾ϣûа㿪Ц˼˵·ǳ
    ҶһЦ˵ҪĻ˵ѡ
    ֪˾ϣƽ˵֮䲻κεùϵڣһͬط֪γȥոǸūȥѯʵʱ򣬸սѨλͷҩԾˣ˵ˣǲҪ⡣
    Ҷһ㶣Щε˵ΪҤ֮УǱǸһ취˶ȥ
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    šҶһͷȻֻŮӿԽ룬ôһֻŮӲſԴҤĻأȻҿײĽһײĳȥ
    ˾ϣ΢΢һЦ˵
    ˵仰˾Ͳ֪˵Щʲôվţ˴˸Լ£һʱ֮Щѹ֡
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80

       书á˾ϣҶĶ䣬üἫ˵һֻֻҶϣԼСЩҪˡ
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    ۼм˽ȫ̫ū澣ͶʮϣˣһŮݶĿĴ
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    Ļԭи磬ȴŮϵãûм̳лλǿϧһˣ۲ѧƷĿǰλ֮ϡ
    ң˼ĺݣһĹŮĥ˵ǹŮʱѾҲ̶ã޷֪ǺҲȥ͵͵ɱλŮ㲻ʹࡣ˵µʱҲżֿ־֮⡣
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    Ҷͷ˵˾ϣڣƺûʲôµġ
    ۼߵýˣͽһ£һɵĳ񣬺֮˾ϣһҶϢڳ档ṦȻϢûоڲĸˡ
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    ߷һᣬƺǾЩģվߵ棬һƳ񣬳澹ȻͻȻһ󶴣ں˾ϣҶֻһɺˣ̲ס˸ս
    ڶԼԣ߷ﾹȻûע⵽ˣۣŶڣһƬֻһɹɵˡ
    ˾ϣ̽Ҷ뻳У԰ӵס磬ۣʱӦͻȻֵĺڰ֮
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    ൱ʪ
    ãҲ·㳤߷ߵһյĹ򣬲ߵһǰһƻʹĵطһϣһ˹ڵϣģǻǱ
    ߡ߷΢΢ЦЦ˵磬ˣ˾ţɷģģⱿѾȡȥι˿Աʬ峤겻ҩþͿãֻҪľͺá
    Ȼ󣬸߷̾˿ģ˵˵磬֪һֱϲǸĹ޸˾ʼչڻŮɿģ
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    ߷Ӧһһϵˣ뿪
    ˾ӡҶ˵û°ɡ
    ˾ϣĿǰһĻŹڵϵĸףϵǿ彩Ӳǿѹŷŭ
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81

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    ֻǵƭûжȡܹ࣬ȻһŮȻǲмҲòлȻȴûĴм
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    ˾ϣӦðɡ
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    ⣬õ棬ǧ꺮棬͸ųʪ֮䣬Ҳ൱ĻҶѾСˣǲСˤڵϣ൱ĸɾûһ˴ɨ
    ʱ俴Ҳҵõȥ·
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    ҶûпԼĶԹʵ˵κ벻ǣû򲻸á
    룬Щ˾ϣƣ𣬵˵ôֻ꣬ˣúõЪϢЪϢɣһκͷĸװɡ
    Բ𡣡Ҷѵ˵֡
    ˾ϣкðû˵ֻĹš
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    ˵ͷһֱ⣬ٻؼң񾩳Ųޣǰ⣬Ǿǡһ£֪Ҫ˵ȥ񾩳ڰɽׯַ֮ϣǶԭ˾ľɾ֮ɽׯѾصԭ罨ׯ֮أ˵ǰᵽַȴͻȻ뵽˵Ļǻ˵ľԭϵĽɽЩΣֻúס˿ڡ
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    ˾ϣһЦ˵˵ѣǰγƺңʱγƺҡ
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    һԶɡתƿ⣬ǰӲǵĻϣһҶ๫£ЩףΪڻʹţܵʲô΢˽𣿸ղǵ̸ûбɣ
    ѽ˾ϣһЦԻ˵ȥЩþǼҪʹһ
    £Ҷòϣϣ˾ϣԶԶʤˣ£˾ϣ棬ЩΪѣԥһ£ڶм£ȻǲģԶԶıܿһϵ
    㲻ǰ񣬴ʱûˣһɡ˾ϣ˿˵Ȼ̧ͷҶ˵ǵǶ˵һһƵ𣿵ʱչҲڳʱȱ˺ι⣬Ǻǰͬ
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    ˾ϣ˵ͷ˵ǵġ
    Ϊ˵ƣ͵͵һװҶոʱĻǰλ¹ӾʧҶı仯װǺÿ
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    ˾ϣһһĺȾƣҶЩȻ֪˾ϣһ򲻴Ʒ֮⣬緢֮ʱΪˣžƱҪҪȣǱ˾ϣѾ
˼극һ˸ԻطϢ
99

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    һᣬ˾ϣڷڵ̾ǧຮ˼ŵ£ȴŲ£ԭ꣬Ӳ˼ңȴԭҲǳһȾƣȾơ
    ӷڳһݣҶ󣬱ùȥӴɿ˾ϣһһơ
    һվǷ˵˵һꣿ
    ٣ٷˡͷҶ̴
    ˴Ź֮һٷĹǿɿЩҶ˵ʱҵȥӦúܿͻصȥŹʱҪ飬ǶŹԸĻʱǻᡣ
    һ㶣ѿ˵ٷˣ˰ȴΪΣֻ֪һˣŹˣкã
    Ҷҡҡͷ˵㰴ҵķԸȥͺã˶⡣Ȼƺһٷˣȥɡ
    ⣿ԥ֪Ǻã̾˿˵ٷˣΪūšʵ֮ǰַ˺ͶŷѾҹӺüˣöŹ빬޸ϣӾǲϴӦҲϼǰǿӦһ棬ҲֻŹ뿪ʲôסūʱȥˣŹȻǿϹģɣūŵӶǲϺԣͽĶѡ
    Ҷһ㶣˵ѵ˺ȥɣ
    һϲٷ˻ûȫķӣ뻹ȶ˶岻ã˵˭Ҳ˵˵£ڹȵøǶ࣬ѵóԵ㶫ճҲԾΪʳٷ˿͹ȥ˵䣬ֻ˵Ļӻ
    Ҷüͷһ壬˵Ȼˣȥɡ˵꣬תߡ
    һ㶣û˵һ仰
    ص£Ҷ˰Ĵͷҵģͷǰȫ˾ϣȾƵģһһǲǾƶˮǸİˣȳΣҲȰ˵ɣǣҪٺκεĹ𣿲Ѿ
    ͻȻ𣬵һκ˾ϣһȾʱ龰Ǹʱ˾ϣϣҲֻҶһλū澡ǸʱԼǵõʱʱԼϣ˵Ļ
    ģ˶ˣҲżϣϣʱԼ޺޵˵
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    Ρ
    ˾ϣԺȾƣţЩԥǺȰٺЩ˱оƣͷĳ˵ֶ£úõȥ˯İɣȰʲô
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    ҶѾ˼˾ϣԥһ£ʹԼôĮ㲻غôľơ
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    Ҷһ£ͻȻ΢΢һЦ˵ȻΣҲϤһˣİˣҲȰ˵һ㲻طϡ
    ˾ϣЩʧ˿Ҷ̾˿˵ˣͰɣԼڵĺһɡѾûҵĺۼͲҪٹңϣ
    Ҷ˶٣һʱ֮벻˵ʲôźãֻþվһᣬ˾ϣһһĺԼľƣֻȵҶͷһķۡ
    ĲˡҶԥһ£˺ģһһ˵˾ϣһ˵ĺãѹ֪һֱңһֱѾڻ𺣣Ϊ֪ϵͬţʦһλʦ棬²⵽ӿҾͿӿǣʱһֱңʱһֱѧ㡣ңҲֻһİˡ
    ˾ϣһ٣еľƱ˻ΣƾȻ˳û˵ֻǰš
    ҶķǳԥŬƽŬ˵ҵҲֻھΣ꣬ǷֿЩѾͬǰѾǵƽ㣬֮䲻νİޣ˭ǷҲ˭ġαĥԼ



100

       ˾ϣһͷоһڵЦһ£ҶŬƽΪԼһƣűоƣɪ˵벻ҪοңҵĿʹ˵ѾǺ޹ϵ飬벻Ҫң˵Щοңһϣġ
    Ҷ΢΢һ㶣һʱ֮治֪ԼվҪβźá
    ֿʱ֪˾ϣĴҹĴսʱĴϢ˴˴ĵһλʵۣҲĴѰӰ٣÷ľӴտǳֵĵطӦþǱ÷ȥġ
    ǣʱȴʱ˵ҩ׵˾ϣ
    ԣʱ򣬲ſƽ΢ЦŴкͺղϤľˡ
    ǣˣѵͲ𣿣
    ͻȻһӰһ紵ȴĪɱҶ˵ϤС
    ʲôˣҶߣʣ˶زأʲôӢۣ
    䣬ϵͻȻһţһӰϢĽڣվĳһȻȴŨŨɱҶһݡ
    ͳ΢Щƣ棬淢ԼЩ֮⣬ģȫûأ˾ϣѵ˾Ķӣ͸õ˽ɽ𣿾͸ΪɣΪ˱ɱ˱ˣңҪ˱𣡡
    ˵Żһ̵źֱ̳˾ϣոλãÿݣ
    ǣ˾ϣĶ绹Ҫ죬Էոս뷿УʹӸղλõĵطڰɫоվš
    Էһ̿գУкݶء
    õ˾ϣдż⣬˵ֻ˼Ҫɱޣֻ̫СַӦǰٶŵˣΪҪɱޣ
    ʦӺˣҴʱΪûκεĹϵԷ͵͵ƺڷѧգֻΪɱ㣡ͳɡ
    ͸߷ͬһʦ̳ġ˾ϣһط
    Ҷвò̾˾ϣȷʵǳ˿ɱȣ˶ľƣȻԶĵ˵˭Ϊζ˾ϣ˴ĳޣȻ˻ϣ˾ϣûдɱ䣬ǰĻϣûɱ˳أңҶӦǸŮģӦԼȻ˿Σòáң֪ΪʲôڶУȻ˵ϤС
    ɱҡ˾ϣĮȻ˵ҪҺȾơ
    ǵҪԿԷ˵ţգۼѾʹУһܵ˾ϣҶΧ
    ҶԷƺȡĿľ˾ϣϣкݶҪɱ˾ϣǣ˵˵ȷߣ˾ϣȣ˵վҪ࣬Ҷ̾Ϣ˾ϣǰУҲ˾ϣûл֣ǻ֣һмɡ
    罣ƽ棬˵
    㲻Ķ֣֣һпɻҶģѿ˵ҲԸУҪߣʱá
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    һ㶣ȴˣеĵɱֱ˾ϣ·аһ㡣
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    һţʧڰҹС
101

        ǲҶоҶʧںҹУͻȻʣеĲмжϵĺݶԼһŵĶҶоֻǣҶоʱѧ˺ݶգ
    ˾ϣµȼϵǰ£ľƣ˵Ѱұˣһ࣬һҲ١õġ
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    ĸױǰٶŵĵӣҲĸһֵ̳ġĸ׺͸߷ԼĪ£ʦһλʦǴǰʼѧյģҲǰɣǾĺܿ졣˾ϣΪȻ˵ֻǣƾգ˵֣ǺܿЦ
    Ϊ˱𣿡ҶʣǸĸ񶼺úõĻšĸ׸뿪Ҷгɱ
    ˾ϣ΢üͷ±оƣ˶٣˵м£ҲҴһֱҺһ£Ҷоĸǰٶŵĵӣ㸸׵檣ΪһŮĸףɷȫӶţԣһɣ㸸еĶͷ˽ҩȥᣬϾΪԼĶ롣
    Ҷһ㶣ǰֿܡ
    һ޶檣Ҷоĸǰٶŵˣʼֻ˳ӰٶŵİţΪԼ׵ߣ˷ޣŮôûвأ֪ƻ֪ҪԸԼɷôӶأȻǰٶŵˣͿԽ˰ٶŵĶ
    ҸĿǰΣҶͻȻ뵽⣬ʡ
    ǵģȥ˾ϣ˵һһĺžƣôľƺȥȻκεĲʣֻɫ΢죬į
    Ҷ˾ϣһۣûסʣĿԽǧ𣿡
    ˾ϣƣĵ˵ͷ˿Խǧһԡ
    ҶͻȻϵľ̳ͷһ࣬˾ϣһʱûзӦڵĿҶǰʱҶѾ´̳
    ¾̳Ҷɫ΢죬˾ϣͻȻ䣬˵ǾĿԽǧﻹгֿ˵ֻҪˣ˾ƾˣжáֻΪ࣬ǿ࣬ѵǾͲǿʱѵʱ࣬࣡
    ˵ŻҶ䣬㱣΢Щ̬ҡ£˾ϣ޺޵˵ԭΪʱǾ£ȴƫƫ㣬˰ɣƫƫҪһ𣬺ο㣡Ϊϣ֮ϣ𣬺αһľˣ檣ԺԺ󹬼ǧӵұңֻҪһص飬ңƽӣȻΪϣǣȴ𡣡
    ˾ϣҶеľ̳˵Ҫˡ
    ÿҶЩ⣬һ˶ľƣôܲأ˾˰ɣ˸ãҲˣûôĳ˾ϣٴζؾ̳Щҡε˵ǰԵѵȣ˺ȲɣƫҪȣҵҪƣǲ˾ĿԽǧǺȡ˵ţһͷֺࡣ
    ãã˾ϣŻˣæǰȥҶеľ̳ҶȻˣĵһЦȴЦˮ㣬ǰǰϧǶˣòãƲǺöⲻǧ
    ƫҪȡҶȴˮ᲻̳Ȼֱ˾ϣϵľƱȥ˾ϣЦЦţȴЦһᣬгʱſɢȥ
    ˾ϣ
    ҵϣһȣǵһμȥ˾ƣһҲȵ⣬һȴңǺǣǣ֪һֱ͵͵ĸңֻ㲻ϳϣ֪Ǹһһ·أֲʲôɣδ֪֪ͨ񡣡ҶЩˣЦţǳ˾ϣȥеľ̳
    ˾ϣһ㶣һҵϣһȡȻãҾϣһȣݡˣ;
    аԽпֻ࣬ҲЩ֣ҶǺʱģǲӵôӵķ䣿ȰƵΪҲȵһɣ
    ʲô˾ϣȥþҪһݡǶմ״ûͿͿˡ
    תߣ˵ˣһȥȡưɣǶˣ˵á



102

        һҹйȥ˾ϣҶһֱȵų˯ȥڴϣ¶ߣһҵľ㣬ԥһ£ĵ뿪Ƕ˺úõЪϢɡ
    ˾ϣͷЩۣҲЩΣһʱ֮䲻֪ںδֻסﺮŨϸűڴϣʶҡҡͷԼôһƫͷ˯ԼߵȻڳ˯еҶ㶣ͻȻӿҶһֱȵʲôҲ֪
    ǣǾ仰ٴӿͷ̲סᣬҵϣһȡԼϣϣһ˵˾ϣĿֻ࣬Ϊһ仰ҲֵˡҶΪһ仰Ҳ޺
    ˯Ҷ˾ϣǰο˵İοǺ̤ʵֻҪڣֻҪԿüζãлᣬппһεİԼ
    ˾ϣ΢ѾҶҲոյȴûۣҲǲۣͻȻԷĪѾѧѾټǵо£ȴƫƫƫƫֲϷѵԼѾΪΣȻ޷ĮȻΪҪȾƣ˾ƣʲô˵ʲô
    ţĬĬĳ˾ϣעĿ⡣
    Ѿ˵һİǾİ˰ɡ
    ǣ˾ϣһֱĳĿʵ޷ȥţȴɵ飬ֻþ۾˾ϣƽ͵˵Ѿʵе£鷳ȥţҺúõϢһ𣿡
    ҶͻȻ۾ͻȻ˵İ˾ϣһһ£΢Ц˵ԭѾˣΪ㻹˯ţǲҵĶ̫󣬾㣿
    Ҷɴ˵Ҳ˯ţ㣬ֻҲ˯ȡ
    ΪΣ˾ϣÿӣҶ
    ۾ԳˣҴʱѾĸҶ˵רעĿң˯ðȣ
    ˾ϣ΢΢һЦǻĿҶȫûģζãֻҪͺá
    Ҷһ·ãʲôҲû̧ͷһ˾ϣº͵˵ȥԷɡ
    ˾ϣ˵ͷЩɵġ
    Ƕ˵ʱ޷ҶϿκϲ߱൱ƽͺ쿴ʱһһҹ۷ʲôҶ˵ҲʲôͻȻжԼһ֮ͬġ˾ϣôõʱ䣬֪ӶҶ˼ε̣ɣҶƺϣεطҲֵƽ
    áЩԥţҪγƺҶʱһֱƺΪٷˣǰĳƺ񣬻ȻûзĴ㣬ջϵ˼ҶӦǴĵһλʺӦóƺΪɣʵЩԥͷǳҶƺȫĲ⣬ǵִġ
    Ҷ˵ͷǰ£˾ϣһĿģ̾˿ʵڲҪֻҵֻ밲Ķ㿪еˣĹԼӡ
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    ˵ʱ鿴ƽȻһҲ˵ѣûд׵
    ˾ϣ΢΢һ㶣Щɬʣǲǲܾ̫ѿԲŻ˽ͣ
    Ҷ΢΢һ´ͷ룬̧ͷ˾ϣ˵ЩҲ֪Ҫ˵ڣϾ֮Ѿʱ䣬
    ֪˾ϣͻȻڣֹҶĻ˵֪֪ѾѧңǾ£ɣҵӣֻһ𡣡
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    ˾ϣЦһ£˵ҲԸеĶ׼õģǼƻеģʱĪУУ㵱ʱִ뿪ɽׯԭҲǼƻеģԣķϣʲôʱֵģԭΪҶһѾյ
    ڻؾǵ·ϣҾѾˡҶ˵ҵʱʱ뿪ɽׯģѵҲǼƻУ
103

       ˾ϣ˵ͷ˵뿪ҪͻȻЩһ·һֱûзټϾǵˣ·µļǺţһ·żǺţǣˣҲûзǵټ
    ҶһЦ˵Щƭùңֻǲ˵¼Ǻţһĵ޸ĵǵ׷٣һֱǵĸȴ޷ҵǡ
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    ǣȴҿ뿪ɺԭ򡣡Ҷ˵·ϷʱҾҪ뿪ľģ˴ĻǵĶԸңǵĳĿΪ˸ĿҶθɣԣҾͳҶĴѡ뿪û뵽ƭˣȴûƭ㡣
    ǣʧ˲䣬ȴˣ˵Ҫԡ˾ϣ̾˿ʧǰֻǾϲ㣬ϲ㣬ϲҵΧɰȻǵļƻУȴÿÿæңϲָоʧҸеһʴǵʹ·ͻȻûɫҲøۣΨһͷǿټ㣬Ѱ㣬ҴҪ¡
    Ҷ۾ԶЩãȻ˺ð죬˵˾ϣʱѧ㣬Ƕ̶̼յദʱ⣬ѵҪøڻ֮ϵĻϣһֻһŮ˵ˣңֻҪһĶҵ˾ͺãαر˴˶ѹ룬Źһڵ㣬㲻ɹûӵĳ֣һޣҡӦѧҵĴڡ
    ҪʲôԼǳУֻһɵãȢһҸ˾ϣ˵Ҳʵֻϣܵ˺һЩȢĻһһʹ࣬ҲȢҲֻ⼸ʹ࣬һָһλʵķٲ֣ҲΪҵĻʺһҪһλü̳гҵĻλһȢҲֻһλİŮӡ
    Ҷ㶣룬˵ӵĵŹ˺ãһλİŮӾͿ˺
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    Ҷ룬ҡҡͷ
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    ʶʼ̫ĽͣѾŪĽһ棬һǼˡҶ޿κε˵ڸҽͣҾʼǸƭĽɫ
    ˾ϣһ㶡
    Ҷ˾ϣ˵һʼһʼʶڸҽͣΪʲôҪȢңΪʲôϲΪʲôԸܶΪʲôҸ֮Щһֱ㲻ͣ˵ѽ˵˵ԽԽͿ顣ʵܼ򵥣ֻǣ˾Ķӣǿĺ˸𣬶佭ɽͬʱҲҪҸףԱ㸸ĸĳǲǣ
    ˾ϣ˵ͷ˵ȻǸ⡣
    ǰŪüЩ𣿡Ҷ˵ҳԱˣǿ·ˣҾӦ£һ£ҲϣҸ㸸ĸ֮ĳһһ˳ȥҾȥʴ£ǡҶоʵ޽֮飬λĻҲֻһνĸ磬ȻԶ߸߷ɡһҪ뿪סҲ飬ʱ棬ʱҲ棬ƽĽȷʵѾҡ㲻·ˡ
    ˾ϣ΢΢һ㶣ʶĵ˵ͷ



104

        Ҷ紵ͷȻ˾ϣѾϳԹͻطŮװװֻΪ·㣬Ϊ˶˾ϣ˾ϣݶУ̸Цһ·˲ĿŹ֡
    ü飬˾ϣ̺ϵıҲҶеһ⣬ʵǷǳϧ⣬ܹһ⣬˵һ޷ҸһԸΪĿˣߵÿһΪ˸𣬵ҶĳȴĹģʽЩܳ
    ȫɾҩİԼĸ˵ĺ
    ģҲƭҶ
    ҪúõİŲµŮӡ
    С˾ϣЦź
    ҶƫͷЩɻʣʲô£
    ˾ϣҡҡͷֻ΢Цһõ⣬˧
    Ҷ̾ϢһϲļһԼԸٽȴǺ޲
    ƥһǰУ紵ϣ΢Щ⡣
    С˾ϣҶ
    ʲô£Ҷתͷ˾ϣʣ룬ʲô£
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    ʲôѽҶ˾ϣһ
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    Ҷһ㶣תͷ룺겻ô˺ȴԼĸжЩҵġ
    ͺ͵ʱҪ뿪˾ϣһҶĪĻص˾ϣߡ·ϣص΢ʣԼΪЩ̫⡣ѾΪʲôҪ
    ʱ䣬Ѿȫ˵Ĵ
    ǰ׳գó˾ϣʱϲʵԼҲЩ⣬⣬ûǼʱΣҲּҪķӦļ棬ȴֻһݵϲʺȻٴһĪĸһȥĻʹġ
    ʹ
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    һֱս˾ϣոս˾ҵӦ˵ĿǰܹӣѾ൱Ĳס˾ϣ˵Ǽį˸ʱ䡣
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    ϲ𣿡˾ϣʣֻʱִЩǾĶ̫һ޸ġ
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    ⣬㲻İ鵱ɣ˾ϣСʣǱϾǷޣҵĻʺȻǺסһڱ֮ܺңڻʹ޽УһΪ޽һܺıԷ
    Ҷ룬αܺЦЦ˵ܲڷڵ¯ӰɣǵǿȡůֻЩ
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    Ҷһ㶣̶һЦ˵طҵ˵常֮಻ԶǸɵСɣǶʢʯֿԲůʯԱܶʯҲв٣ҵʼѣʺֲҩ常ѡǶӣսǶʱȥݷù
    ֪ȥĶģ˾ϣЩ˵һֻǴҴҾʱˣҿ常һλͽܡһ£ʱǸ常ߵǲǾ㣿ȻֻǶˣ常ǸҾûмˣ㲻Ӧ֪ġ
    Ҷûһ㣬ԹԵ˵ţһ˵һǾ뷨ڵسΪů޳ɱԷͽůɡ
    ˾ϣĿҶǰֳʱ龰Լʱ˼ˣڻ뿪ɱһ֣ʱΪѪ࣬ȴ˵˰ٶŵŴһλͽҩһڰٶܶ洦ЪϢղ뿪ѵǸ˾Ҷ
    ˵ůֺ𣿡Ҷȫûп˾ϣɻģ㣬ǰһյأЦ˵˴Ͳ޽¥󣬼ȿɹ۾ֿɱܺһá



105

        ˾ϣҶϸǸ˵ģʱȫûע⣬˵ʱû뵽ҪעǸİ˵ģʱʧѪ࣬ʶЩģԼо˽֣˾ϣ
    ǰǸΪʲô֪֣ϳʱѾһѪԼ˾ϣٶŵŲϵ˵Ӧ˵ûʲôӡǸһײβļһԼ£ǸûмİҲӦһӾͽг֡ȫûɡ
    ǣǸʶϤֿܡǵԼʱΡʱԼ˼ˣ˿Ѫֹɱž˳ȻʱǴС֣һ£ʶ𽥻ɢʱͻȻ˳֣Լʱڸл죬ԼôΣ»ȡ
    Ǹһ㡣˾ϣ˵ôˣ󲻿ʱһϳҲʶǸˡԭֻһǾǣ˸ݡֻпϳ
    ҶȻԹԵ˵˵ůΣ
    ţܺãԣȻԡ˾ϣҶĻر⣬иǻɣִⲻϻشҲֻʱգ˳ҶĻ˵Ȼ룬Ǿȥů޽ůΪܺãΣ뽨ģ
    Ҷ룬Ȼ˵ŵùңҾԼůģù޽Σֻǣһͼܺƽķģͬ㲻Ҫò˼飬Σ
    ˾ϣһͷ΢Ц˵ҴȻҪȻһµĲźãαþʱ۹⿴Ҵ£ԸξΣ¾ģµˡ
    ҶһЦ˵ȻǸҼûеĳǾ͸ɴΪһ̾Ϊֹʱ
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    û˵ʲôҶһЦ˵Ϊһǰյĳ
    ˾ϣֻ΢ЦſҶʲôҲû˵
    ӣĿ˵ŹˣǷϼ
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    ˵˾ϣѾԶȥĺüͷһ壬Ͷ
    ǰҶһЦ˵ܳ˼ĺȻǻȥղڣͷܡ⼸仰ѵĲ𣿡
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    Ҷٵ˵̫СˣҿǸˣǰ֪ٺ󣬺֪꣬С£ѵסҡ
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    ܳ˼ĺȻǻȥղڣͷܡ˾ϣһ飬룬˵ʫͷ֣
    Ҷ˵ͷ˵ᰮ㣬㲻ܸһͰһһϧӣȻ΢ܹõһݹְȥ׷֮ˡ
    ˾ϣ룬˵ͷ˵һῼǡ
    ѾͷҪúõĻشһ⣬𣿡˾ϣʣܹң꣬ǷǸû뿪
    ҶȻƤһЦ˵˵¾ҶģԣҿԻش⣬ҲԲش⣬ȻǺúõĴŵģ뿪浱ɲɣȥ磬ԿǺǣ̫ḻˡ
    ˾ϣЦõĿҶҶ鶯۹ҶԾ⣬һĻϲпϲ
    



106

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    Ҷ룬˵С𣿡
    ҽ˼ңսʵǲ㣬ҲȫڰɽׯΪһʵ˼ˡ˾ϣ΢Ц˵ֻѾǶŮȺĪ˵˴ãԷģϢˣҴȥԼż棬Σ
    Ҷ˵ͷȻ˵ɣҲ˵鷳ҽϢԼŪͺˣ꣬Ѿϰһչˣϰߡ
    ˾ϣҶлһ˿ʹ⣬꣬ҶһŮˣҶЩɲҵΪһǧڷҵʵУҪαȫԼȻܸɣȻճڣϾҲֻһŮӣ꣬ս²ϣʵңζȹʱأ
    ҴȥϢĵط˾ϣº͵˵
    ٺҶ˾ϣصǰ棬Ŷڹй䣬ıЩãȻԣźͬӰӣϢڡ
    վڴڣ˾ϣԶȥҶվڴϵı龲ģͺ˲һ㡣
    ˾ϣûǰкҶǸǼƻгֵԭֻһӵҶȻһ򲻰Ů˷˾ϣʱȻ
    ܿ˾ϣĵ˺棬˵˾ϣҶڸո޽ɵʲôط͵͵һ˹ȥ֮Ҷһʲôӡ
    ԶԶĿһŮӣһ۵£˿磬ЩվͥԺվһø߸ߵͩ£֪ЩʲôԼԿüƤ١ǰҶû̫ı仯ֻǶһЩζʱ䣬һɬŮ˰ĵζ
    ȻˣɡһĴƺЩ΢ЦоĴ
    һʼղϰҶҲһճڵŮӣļУҶֻһλǧǸǧС㡣ң޷ҶȻӵƽǰֻݵ罣ƵƣȻһһŮУ
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    ҶתͷһЦƺǲ˵ϣ磿⵽Ǻ£һֻǺһЩɡ
    һϣ֪νȥĿҶ
    ҽСĿɺãҶһЦŵĮȻ
    һͻȻЩ䣬Ҷ飬Ҷ֪ģС֪ģֻթԼģ֪ġ
    Σô֪˵
    ˵СķǳҸжŮҶȻ΢Ц˵Ҫʣ֪Ƕ˾ڰɽׯңСѾͷô֪ܲء
    һ㶣СԼѾͷ飬Ҷ֪ģ
    㲻ҶȻʱ뿪ҲʱҶһЦ˵ȻСѾĲǾ¾͹ҲȥɣֻǣĪ治ǰҽ㣬ϴ档ĸŮкޣȻշڿպޣȴؼǺҽϣֻһŮӣôǵڡ
    ЩĵͷҪλشҶĻ
    ǵҲ̫ݣֻûжʲô˺ϸ룬ǿԭ¡Ҷ˵ֻǣ氮˾ϣ͵úõĶԴҪúöԴˣôĻǵŶԸҪúöԴˡ
    ̧ͷҶ޷еĲ졣˵֪һеģ
    к˾ϣߣѵҾͲС𣿡ҶһЦͩҶ΢΢Ź⣬ССһ𳤴ѾͷһţˣȻǲԵġ
    ĿҶ˵
    ҲЩ¡Ҷ΢΢м־˵ֻϣףðҵһİˣҪǰϷǺúõԼҪǰһˣǵպ֮⡣
    ⻰۾Ҷһһ˵ϣҵģ
    ҶһЦĿŶ˵Ǹˣҵģѵһ𣿿㰮£Ұҵ£ĸŮ£˵⻰ʲô˼𣿼Ȥġ
    



107

         ЩȻĿҶоҶǰԵĶ˼֮⡣ǰһˡ૵˵ǰǶһЩ̱ǰȰҵʱ򣬲˿̱ģȻͬȰҷϣĻʱǴʱ˲
    ҶŶ˵㣬Щ̱֮⣬Ȼó̱ζֻҪ㣬ͻ뵽ʱϷˣҵ龰ܹƽ͵㽲ؿǹ֮ȻУδɢȥαң˾ϣѾȥǰ棬㲻ǰ̸ȴ͵͵Ĺ۲ң˵ҪζԴ㣿
    ĿҶð˵Ҷ㲻ڰϣ磬ֻΪ˱Ϊ˱ƭ顣
    ҵ£㲻ԼǶ²⡣Ҷ˵ŲңĻʺҰûκιϵǣ˻ʺʹоͲκһŮ˳֣ȻҲ㡣
    㶵ĿҶððû˵Ҷƽ׾Ͽκβüͷû΢ĺۼһ˫۾ҲˮûκĻĺۼһŮӣΪ˱˾ϣĸ𣿻Ϊĵһλʺ󣬲Ҷռ˾ϣ
    㵽ҪΣʡ
    ҲΡҶ΢΢Цһ£ε˵ֻҪȵ˾ϣһҪҵңźұˣ˻˵ΣͲҪǷǶԴˣѾӣҶϲȦĻʹҵԸʹš
    ðɣ˵飬ǣǰǣ㲻˺ϣ磬ϲ㣬ʱһֱûǹ㣬ȻĻεȻ޲һºһֱ˵޲޵ó˵ֻһѡ񣬾Ҳܼ޸ӣǣһԺúõİȻеΨһԣóӣʵҪӣҿɳʹΪһãһһݶòеĺǻ
    Ҷû˵ԺеͩҶԾ⣬ʱ⣬ȻЩճյĴɵ˾ϣǰһĻĻݣ꣬ԼǷѾ˾ϣˣôҵõԼأǣҪΪо˵Ĳʣһ˺ԼˣѵһֵȥԵ
    ûоĶϤ𣿡˵ȴ˵ʹ˵ʹĶʵйġһʱǿļɽʯڻ԰УǿʯͷϼǵСд䡯֣ϣ޽һдԷǵĳʼǼƻʱȷʵϣ署ʱЩֻĸоΪһеһжȼƻõģǣ㲻֪ǣǵĵһȴǼƻУʼʱǽΪҶһλѾͷϣߵȻ͵͵ǽˣȴûϳʱҲΪװڼ򵥣һѾͷһȫļ棬ȴϣ磬ȻΪ㣬˷ƻĴ㡣
    ˾ϣңͲҪЩ¡Ҷ˵ʱеһУΪ˵ежƭĺۼԸҲǵãҸоκʵ⡣
    ͷת뿪
    ǰ棬˵˾ϣ£˾ϣ൱Ĳлһβ˵ϲáϲһΪҶǲҪɵ顣
    ϣ硣ԼЩ飬ϴЦݣӭ˹
    ˾ϣ˵ѽ˵Ѿڹתһᣬո˵ҪһԼĴƣôÿ𣿡
    ĵ˵ͷ˾ϣõı飬ۣЦݾԲΪֻΪǸģ²µҶˣܹ˾ϣ˽˵һֱ˼м尾Լ˵ȻҲһҸ
    ҸոտҶ˵ǰģ࣬ˣӲ²͸⣬ĶǰһֻǣԼΪǺǰɣ˵Щ̱ϣ磬˵Ҷ᲻һֱǺһѽԺҪĻ᲻᲻ѽ
    Ŷһ޹ı飬۾飬˾ϣһЦ˵ǸСǳˣǻǺģʵѽһֱϣҸءѽöˣҲʱκεԹʵһУңҵʱλѡʧ



108

        ĵĿ˾ϣһһŵ£߶ϣ磬ֻ˾ңֻǣзҶҲݲңǣҾԲκ˺㣬ҶҲԣҿΪκ飬ҪһʱޣҲҶ˺㣡
    ʲôģ˾ϣ鲻ܹٴһҶȻҶ̬ǰĲ䲻ȣѾȫ˷ܣԿһֱ˼Ůӣ˵ѾľˣǸŮӣ˺ҵģ֪ǵ˺ңһԷġǸ֪Ůӣǰľ·еġ
    ֪ģСһ𳤴˼ȫףҲ֪һֱϲǣԴҶǵļƻгһ̿ʼӼɽʯǶһҶʼоҲŲκһҶŮӣѾҶġ
    ̾˿ǸŮӣ˾ϣŸеĸоãҲҶ˾ϣûкøУһֱƭľѾҶԸٽ˾ϣҶĸô˺Լĸأ˵Ҷĸĸ˾ϣĸĸ˾ϣҲͬıҶĸĸô޽ٵߵһأοһʼƭķʽʼĽ
    Ҷһһİ˾ϣ
    ˾ϣһҸı飬ȴǿǿԼǣֻҪԼڣһ˾ϣܵҶ˺
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    ѵ˵ʲôҶĵĻ뿪ˣ
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    վԭأ̲ס꣬ƺֻп޲ſԼǻŵġ
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109

        㵱ʱ֣ҿͳ˱˵ĵ¹ˣҪڽ㣬Լûʤ˵汾£ǲҪǿͷĺá΢Ц˵ʱΪԼӢ۾ȴø
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    Ҷ̾˿ȴȻƽˮ
    ˵Ҳ⡣̾˿˵˾ϣڽ֮ҲǸĮɾǸŮĵ鹫ӣȴƫƫУ˵ʱֻǰ㵱һõĹߣû뵽ȴƫƫ̤صİ㡣컯Ūˡô죿
    Ҷ˿ڲ裬˵Ȼ˵⣬һһɡǻʹȻҲȻû˿סҡ룬˾ϣȻףΪҵġûҸĸ׵Ϣ
    £ֻ˾ϣüͷ˵Դ㣬ȥĸĸףȥˣǣû˾ϣƣ˭ҲȥûֻܴЩǮƴһЩΧ˿̽һЩϢ˵ĻϣҲ˾ϣĸĸһֱǱȽչ˵ģûΪǡĸĸҲȷʵǻţ˵廹ֻǲǵǰ顣
    Ҷ˵ͷ˵˾ϣȻЩƣǸŵԵȻ˵չҵĸĸףȻͲΪǡҸסһԼȥǰɡ
    ΢Ц˵Ҹ絽ʲôʱ򣿡
    ҶһЦ˵Ҫһֱ¼ҹһ˵ûȢҵţ˵ûŮˣҿǲ̫ţҿ֪һֱиŮֻϸ˼һݳŵѡ
    һ㶣Ҷ˵֪ģ㵽ĶţΪҲãҲǲ֪ãŮУҵҵĸĸҪҵĸĸһݣֻ檵ҲãҲ֪ŮӵĴڣ֪ģ
    ҶһЦ˵󣬵ʱҲЩԵ˵ĶţҪ֪Щ飬Ҳֻɺϣ˵жô֡
    Ǹ׽͸Ůˡ̾˿Ц˵꣬һǧ֮˵ģֻ˵ҪȥǸ⣬㾹Ȼ󣬲ңһľ֮һ֮ϵˣ֮ϵΪߵѽ
    ˵˿𣿡ҶЦЦ˵ʵŮ˿û˲Ů˵ԺԲӣֻһֱ̫ΪǡǿϺúõƽȶԵ²ߵŮˣͻ֣ᷢһŮ˶зﻨйڡ
    ҶһЦЦģ˵ˣ˵ˣֻɵĿҶ˵һ
    صʹҶĵƽƻ̫ȥ͸ŨŨĺ⣬ƽԷеҶڷл죬Ϧ£ȴڿԼ⡣
    Ǹ򣬳ǰһ̻죬ת۾߷衣
    һƽĴţҶ̾;Щԣǿŵģڷҡڣ˵ļįҶϣԺп
    Ǻվһ˾ϣһκѹ鿴ǳĸӣЩĪĻ
    Ҷı飬Ȼ̲ס΢΢һЦʵǸӣ굱жԶİʵ˿ۡʵڲǸˡ
    ޿κε˵ϣǺαءʺֻһʱ̰棬ȥȥˣ˵ܿͻһֱվҲǸ취죬˵һͻ꣬Ҫȥţ
    ȥ˾ϣЩįľ磬ƣ
    ѾѸ£¶֪ĻʺѾصʹ˵ַ˺񣬶ŷҲԸŹȥʱʺй˶ѾĬ£Ǿ÷ǳľȣû˱ʾ顣
    ˾ϣ˵ͷ˵
    Ͷ˺£ܵҵסȻҵʹҵĴɳ룬˵ʹҲжôϸĹѽſϦͣһ˾ϣͺ
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    ̹ĵͷʩ˵ʺ
    ҶһЦ˵ϼҵʱٷˣƺ͸ˣĵûͦ˳ڡ
    



110

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    ˾ϣ΢ЦſҶϻȥΪʲôԭ뿪ģֻҪϻͺã
    Ҷָָеľ̳һЦ˵Ȼк뿪ãȴǸ̳ҤʮĺþƣҺòײŴӾƵϰСƭģΣɷֵùҲĲò
    ͺá˾ϣ΢ЦţƺҪ֪Ϊʲô·ֻҶǰžԼʵڵģҶֻһκ񣬾ͬûҶ֮ǰһֻ֪ԼҪΪԼĸĸΨһĿģΪĿĴڵģҶͻȻ֣ԭԱø
    ҶһЦĪһǸ⣬˾ϣƽУʹԭ뿪Ǽ򵥵뿪뿪ˡ
    ùĴʦòˣˣҳƣǺȾΣҶ΢Ц˵еͻȻƤ
    ã˾ϣ΢Ц˵
    תȥҶ֪ΪʱʱСĽΨһСҶϷŪඡ
    ƽڷҡڣۿյһҹҪ٣Ѿ˵⡣
    Ҷǰϴº͵΢ЦŶ˾ϣϼȰ˾ϣ˿ָ˼ú£ͳͳȥΪҶ˾ƣ΢Ц˵ٺãҲٺЩ˵ЩΣ
    ð޳ɡҶ˵ʵƲúȣҲⲻǧǿԽѾǸƹˡܺȵģٳ£ҲһһĺȾƣȫںΣվǰ
    ˾ϣͷ˵˼ȾƸˣҺαҪȾƣ˵ˣ˵ģ˿ˣȴ޷첹ֻҪܹ㣬Ҿ顣
    ˵Ҳ֣ȻܺȾƣδ˾ƷƷ裬Һ֣㵽ܺȶپƣҶ˵
    ʱҺȹܶľƣ˾ϣº͵˵ÿɺã
    ҶƤһЦ˵Ϊ罣µһɣϾƽ罣µգֻ֪罣֪ƽҲ罣֮
    ˾ϣ۰ĿҶͷȫ㣬һЦһԶÿҸ
    ЦʲôҶʡ
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    Ҷһ죬ķĴϲůּ䡣
    ңԶһͥԺҲ˵ķǰļįͷҶоȶĸڸɫصĿϣЩ㲣Ȼġ
    ܵĺҶоĶͷϵ߳ϵ·ҲʪطɫҲԽԽ԰ףѪۡϵ˲֮ɫǿţûг
    ð죬һٷĹҶо˿ۣǰĸףƣֻĲһʱȥˡ
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    Ѿ꣬˲ٵĿ࣬ҧҧټּհɡº͵˵ʦһֱ㱧źܴϻ˲ٵĹ㲻ʦʧ
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    ֪ߵŮԣŮȥǵѪۣ˵ʦŻðΣյգ˾ϣ罣ĴˣԲĶ֣ľĿǰգԼͳΪһսʤıУֻҪԽһɱ
    ʦΪһҪ˾ϣأҶо૵ʡ
    Ͽ˿ŮüЩ̣˵֪ϲ˾ϣʼն²֣ǣԸԼɱҲԸУԣŬϰգֻУʹ졣꣬Ϊˡ
    ʦΪβĿңҶоʡ
    ֹ˵оЩ£㻹ǲҪ֪ĺã֪ˣֻġ
    



111

       ŮĽ㣬ѾˣȻ˾ϣУҶо̾˿Ҫ˵ʲôͻȻĸһĲʣô
    ûʲôŬ΢Цţ˵ʱ䲻ˣϢɣȥ㸸ôˣ
    Ҷо˵ͷʣҪŮȥ𣿡
    ҡҡͷº͵˵ûµģԼһȥͺˣʲôҲǵˣȥˣҲ벻˭
    ðɡҶоƣ֮˵ͷ
    뿪Ůķ䣬߽ŮԶһ䣬ţ͵͵мֿ־֮˵ҡ
    ƶӲĮ͸ż֮⡣
    ˽ȥ
    һϣҶĸףǰҶүɫƺࡣĿԼ檣ȫ޸˵Ů
    ϲƵ˵үձаţŮδգȻ꣬ϾǴСֻһʱĻﲻҪѾ˵㣬Ĳ㻹ҪЩʱգүҪżѾù
    Ҷүޱ飬˵ðɣеʱ䡣ǷһˣѾͷޱ֪ˣʱӦ취סȥ˾ϣǸ쵰
    ϵͷ
    үͻȻЩҪҪһЩ
    ҶүɫϵıҲºͿףƺҲ࣬˵õġȻ˿ϣʾ뿪
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    ˽ȻжһȵӸ˽ҿֱ죬ү岻ϲĿζ
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    º͵ĵ˵ͷ΢ЦſԼɷһ㡣
    ƽѾꡣ
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    Ҷͷ룬˵ȥǡ
    Ȼԡ˾ϣҲû͵ͷӦ
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    ҿԱ𣿡˾ϣҶ΢Ц˵
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112

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113

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117

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119

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120

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135

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146

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162

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163

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165

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166

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167

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175

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    ѾУѩʣȻ˻ϵĺӣԲѣʲôãֻ˷ѶѣѪСĺã˵أ
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176

       乬ѩԽԽм꣬ԺҶѩĻմڵϣԵ޹
    һ֮䡯˫վڴǰ÷վĺʹͷĵտů¯ﰲһĬ
    ǰ÷͸Ž˾ϣã
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    ÷˵ͷ˵ҶԣǲԻָ书ǣھȲȶ֮ѡߣУֻһԾʱֻǾĲȣһ̣ԷжԹǻ̫ɵΪ˾һʱ̶ԸԼŮӷԼҸǣȴ顣
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        ѵЩǿԭǵ𣿡һ֮䡯˵Ǹ˽ȫ룬˴ǣʵǲֵã
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178

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